Yazarlar
- Tozlu, Alperen(15)
- Kul, Sinan(13)
- Kutlu, Naciye(12)
- Cuce, Erdem(8)
- Cuce, Pinar Mert(8)
- Uçurum, Metin(8)
- Gökçe, H.S.(7)
- Kamiloğlu, Aybike(7)
- Özahi, Emrah(6)
- Şahin, Engin(6)
- Ayata, Ümit(5)
- Ecem Bayram, Nesrin(5)
- Ekmekyapar Torun, Fatma(5)
- Guclu, Tamer(5)
- Gökçe, H. Süleyman(5)
- Serencam, Huseyin(5)
- Yilmaz, Fatih(5)
- Özdemir, Akın(5)
- Bayram, Sinan(4)
- Cengiz, Ibrahim(4)
- Elbir Abca, Tuğba(4)
- Gerçek, Yusuf Can(4)
- Gökçe, H. S.(4)
- Karbancioglu-Guler, Funda(4)
- Mercan, Emin(4)
- Serencam, Hüseyin(4)
- Sert, Durmuş(4)
- Teke, Çağatay(4)
- Torun, Fatma Ekmekyapar(4)
- Tozlu, A.(4)
- İrdemez, Şahset(4)
- Abusoglu, Aysegul(3)
- Abuşoğlu, Ayşegül(3)
- Baştürk, Fatma Nur(3)
- Bingül, Züleyha(3)
- Can, Zehra(3)
- Duran, Celal(3)
- Kamiloğlu, Hakan Alper(3)
- Karakaş, İbrahim Hakkı(3)
- Kırkıncı, Seran(3)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ3A novel weighted mean-squared error optimization model to obtain optimal conditions of adsorption factors for a lead removal process
Özdemir, Akın; Teke, Çağatay; Serencam, Hüseyin; Uçurum, Metin; Gündoğdu, Ali
Lead (Pb) removal process from wastewater is an important issue to prevent health problems for people. For this particular purpose, a low-cost adsorbent may be beneficial for improving the adsorption capacity for the Pb removal process. The aims of this paper are four-fold. First of all, a D-optimal experimental design was selected to reduce experimental runs and its cost. Second, the effect of four adsorption design factors, stirring speed (rpm), adsorbent dosage (g), pH level, and initial metal concentration (ppm), was examined. Also, the yellow natural stone, which is from Bayburt, Turkey, was used as a cheap adsorbent for the Pb removal process from the solu-tion. Third, a novel weighted mean-squared error optimization model was developed to obtain optimal adsorption levels for adsorption factors. Besides, a verification study was conducted to verify the results of the adsorption experiment. Finally, the lead (Pb(II)) removal capacity of the yellow Bayburt stone was obtained to be 46.031 mg/g, and the results of the experiment from the proposed methodology showed a good performance for the removal study.
- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Alkali-activated and geopolymer materials developed using innovative manufacturing techniques: A critical review
Gökçe, H.S.; Tuyan, M.; Nehdi, M.L.
The manufacturing of geopolymers and alkali-activated materials for precast and cast in-situ construction applications could be achieved using suitable production techniques, such as one-part production, pre-setting pressure and hot pressing, two-stage concreting, and 3-dimensional printing. Adequate selection and tailoring of the manufacturing methodology are imperative for overcoming characteristic application problems of these materials and achieving eco-efficiency and superior engineering properties. With distinctive benefits including rapid solidification, lower cost, saving natural resources, less energy consumption, and reduced carbon footprint, alkali-activated and geopolymer composites have emerged as a strong contender for replacing conventional concrete in diverse construction applications. Critical analysis of the literature on innovative production methods indicates that the one-part production technique is promising for the eliminating design complexity of these mixtures. The pre-setting pressure and hot pressing applications would allow the achievement of superior physical and mechanical characteristics in a short period of time, especially for the precast industry. The workability and setting problems of alkali-activated materials could be overcome using the two-stage concreting methodology. To be used in 3D printing of alkali-activated and geopolymer materials, remarkable development is required in terms of rheological aspects. Accordingly, this paper surveys pertinent and recent literature and critically reviews the state-of-the-art of alternative production techniques of alkali-activated and geopolymeric materials, along with its use in recent applications, identifies pertinent knowledge gaps, and defines future research directions.
AtıfScopus155WoS137OpenAlex167
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ3Land Use Impact of Maritime Pine and Eucalypt: A Life Cycle Assessment Study
Ferreira, José; Esteves, Bruno; Ayata, Ümit; Cruz-Lopes, Luisa; Domingos, Idalina
The forestry sector in Portugal faces important challenges, resulting in an increased incidence of fires and the action of pathogens, which puts the sustainability of forest resources at risk. Due to the economic, social, and environmental importance of forests, this work assessed the land use environmental impact of maritime pine and eucalypt standing in Portuguese forests. SimaPro software was used to translate the inventory table results into land use impact category. The ILCD 2011 Midpoint+ method was chosen to assess the “land use” environmental impact that focuses on soil quality and its indicator (kg carbon deficit), which describes the changes in soil organic matter associated with land interventions. The results showed that for the first rotation time, the land use impact category per cubic meter of maritime pine is 18423 kg C deficit and 23430 kg C deficit for eucalypt, which means that the land use impact category of eucalypt is 27% higher than the impact of maritime pine.
AtıfScopus2WoS1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ3Aggressive environment performance of low energy cements containing fly ash
Gokce, H. Suleyman; Simsek, Osman
In this study, compressive strength performance of boron active belite cement containing fly ash at the ratios of 0, 10, 20, and 30% (by weight of cement) is researched against aggressive environments; sea water, 5% sodium sulphate solution, and 5% ammonium nitrate solution in addition to tapping water. Alternative low energy cement i.e., Portland-composite cement was used and its results were compared with those of boron active belite cement. Early strength losses (reaching up to 40%) of the boron active belite cement with incorporation of fly ash up to 30% were found to be less pronounced than those (reaching up to 51%) of Portland-composite cement in tapping water. Although, the losses were highly compensated with the prolonged curing period (90 days), boron active belite cement and Portland-composite cement kept their losses up to 14% and 36%, respectively. Residual mechanical properties (reaching up to 67%) of boron active belite cement against aggressive environments were found almost similar to those of Portland-composite cement in presence of 30% fly ash. In conclusion, the study shows that belite cements with low fly ash contents can be a reasonable alternative for specific applications such as mass concrete, hot weather concreting especially in aggressive environments.
AtıfScopus3WoS1OpenAlex5TR Dizin1
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Scopus SJRQ2Asymmetric reduction of aromatic heterocyclic ketones with bio-based catalyst Lactobacillus kefiri P2
Baydaş, Yasemin; Kalay, Erbay; Şahin, Engin
Abstract: Chiral heterocyclic secondary alcohols have received much attention due to their widespread use in pharmaceutical intermediates. In this study, Lactobacillus kefiri P2 biocatalysts isolated from traditional dairy products, were used to catalyze the asymmetric reduction of prochiral ketones to chiral secondary alcohols. Secondary chiral carbinols were obtained by asymmetric bioreduction of different prochiral substrates with results up to > 99% enantiomeric excess (ee). (R)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)ethanol 5a, which can be used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals such as bufuralols potent nonselective β-blockers antagonists, Amiodarone (cardiac anti-arrhythmic), and Benziodarone (coronary vasodilator), was produced in gram-scale, high yield and enantiomerically pure form using L. kefiri P2 biocatalysts. The gram-scale production was carried out, and 9.70 g of (R)-5a in enantiomerically pure form was obtained in 96% yield. Also, production of (R)-5a in terms of yield and gram scale through catalytic asymmetric reduction using the biocatalyst was the highest report so far. This is a cost-effective, clean and eco-friendly process for the preparation of chiral secondary alcohols compared to chemical processes. From an environmental and economic perspective, this biocatalytic method has great application potential, making it a green and sustainable way of synthesis. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AtıfScopus8WoS8OpenAlex9İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Effects of ozone treatment to milk and whey concentrates on degradation of antibiotics and aflatoxin and physicochemical and microbiological characteristics
Sert, Durmuş; Mercan, Emin
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the ozone treatment (OT) to milk concentrate (MC) and whey concentrate (WC) on the physicochemical and textural properties, as well as, on the microbial, antibiotic, and aflatoxin content. For that purpose, OT was applied to MC and WC samples 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 30, or 60 min. OT (60 min) achieved 18.9 and 9.9% degradation of aflatoxin M1 in MC and WC, respectively. OT caused degradation of β–lactam, and tetracycline in concentrates. Volume mean diameter of MC was increased by OT, those of WC was decreased. The firmness and consistency values of ozone-treated concentrates were lower than the control groups. OT decreased the cohesivity of MC. OT increased the lightness of samples, while it decreased yellowness. In MC and WC samples, OT was effective in reducing the microbial load. The degradation of antibiotics and aflatoxin, and reducing the microbial load of concentrates by OT are crucial for human health and the processing of dairy products.
AtıfScopus32WoS26OpenAlex36İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Comparison of kinetics of Cr (III) ions removal from wastewater using raw and activated montmorillonite minerals
İrdemez, Şahset; Durmuş, Gül; Kul, Sinan; Torun, Fatma Ekmekyapar; Bingül, Züleyha
In this study, kinetics of the removal of Cr (III) from the waters by adsorption have been investigated using montmorillonite natural clay that was obtained from the vicinity of Narman, Erzurum in Turkey. Activation energy, thermodynamic values and adsorption kinetics were determined. In addition, the trials were repeated by subjecting to the same adsorbent activation process. The values found for these two adsorbents were compared. As a result of the experiments, the parameters affecting the adsorption kinetics were examined. It was determined that the adsorption process could be best depicted by pseudo second order reaction kinetics. Using pseudo second order reaction rate constants, ΔH° =-25.791 kJ mol-1 and ΔS° = 106.19 joule mol-1 were calculated for raw adsorbent. For the activated adsorbent, ΔH° =-18,806 kJ mol-1 and ΔS° = 79.37 joule mol-1 were calculated. That ΔG° increases as temperature increases indicates; adsorption is more spontaneous at high temperatures. Negative ΔH° values show that the reaction is exothermic. The positive values of ΔS° indicate increased randomness at the adsorbent/solution interface during the adsorption of chrome.
AtıfScopus2WoS1OpenAlex3İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Scopus SJRQ1A regional supplementary cementitious material for the cement industry: Pistachio shell ash
Tekin, İ.; Dirikolu, İ.; Gökçe, H.S.
The recycling of agricultural wastes in cementitious products has recently been a trendy approach for the sustainability goals of the world as it ensures economic and ecological advantages in addition to the safe disposal of these wastes. In this regard, the potentiality of a biomass ash obtained from the incineration of pistachio shell to serve as a supplementary cementitious material is documented in the present study. An increase of up to 30% in the amount of pistachio shell ash resulted in the proportional increase of both water requirement and setting time of the ordinary Portland cement by up to 54% and 300%, respectively. The incorporation of up to 20% pistachio shell ash into the cement yielded specimens of comparable or higher compressive strength values relatively varying between 98% and 117% at the 28 days and later curing ages. Beside the cementitious property, it was observed that a presence of graphitic structures in the pistachio shell ash remarkably improved the mechanical and the microstructural properties of cement mortars. In conclusion, at least 10% incorporation of this ash into the cement is highly recommended for the cement industry as it is beneficial in achieving the highest ultimate (400-day) compressive strength and promotes no loss on the early (2-day) compressive strength.
AtıfScopus41WoS38OpenAlex45İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using modified sewage sludge ash
Kul, S.
The study aims to determine Cu(II) adsorption from wastewater in the laboratory condition using modified sewage sludge ash as adsorbent which was obtained from a thermal drying and incineration facility. This procedure was completed with an inexpensive pollutant material which has high metal-binding capacity and is available in abundant amounts. During experiments, the effects of particle size, pH, stirring speed, initial ion concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature were investigated. Adsorption equilibrium was obtained in 10 min. Maximum Cu(II) removal was calculated as 83.63% with 20 mg L−1 initial Cu(II) ion concentration and 5 g L−1 adsorbent dosage. Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test was performed to test the conformity of the data obtained as a result of the study to variance analysis, and it was determined that the data were distributed normally (p > 0.05). Levene test was performed for homogeneity test, and it was determined that the data were distributed homogeneously (p > 0.05). Langmuir was determined as the most suitable isotherm model for Cu(II) adsorption. Adsorption kinetics abided by the pseudo-second-order model. Based on kinetic studies, the adsorption process was endothermic with maximum adsorption capacity calculated as 7.53 mg g−1. The results of thermodynamic research showed the adsorption reaction was spontaneous (ΔG° < 0), endothermic (ΔH° > 0) and reversible (ΔS° > 0 and close to zero).
AtıfScopus10WoS10OpenAlex12İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Scopus SJRQ1Bioprospection of Metschnikowia sp. isolates as biocontrol agents against postharvest fungal decays on lemons with their potential modes of action
Oztekin, Sebahat; Karbancioglu-Guler, Funda
In this study, various fruit were employed as biocontrol yeast reservoirs, and eleven distinct yeast cultures of Metschnikowia sp. belonging to 6 different species were identified with sequence-based analysis of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA. For initial screening, Metschnikowia isolates were tested on Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium expansum, and Alternaria alternata. The highest antagonism was obtained on green and blue Penicillium (83.63–100 %). All tested yeasts showed chitinase activity, while some had protease, pectinase, cellulase, β-1−3 glucanase, and gelatinase activities. Since lemons have high pectin content, three pectinase-free cultures at tested conditions with high in vitro antagonism on Penicillium were selected and used on lemons. The activities of the in vitro antifungal studies were found to be compatible with those of the in vivo, and P. digitatum's incidence was found to be higher than that of P. expansum on lemons. All tested pectinase-free Metschnikowia sp. lead to a significant reduction in the disease incidences and lesions at varying levels. The combined effect of lytic enzyme secretion, iron depletion, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) production determined the antifungal mechanism of action. M. aff. fructicola demonstrated the highest biocontrol efficacy against Penicillium on lemons with an increasing shelf-life. The use of tentatively pectinase-negative Metschnikowia sp. as an antifungal biocontrol agent on lemons was considered for the first time. The findings will shed light on the effective use of Metschnikowia sp. as a potential biofungicide against the growth of postharvest fungal pathogens.
AtıfScopus57WoS51OpenAlex58İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Municipal solid waste-based district heating and electricity production: A case study
Tozlu, Alperen; Abusoglu, Aysegul; Ozahi, Emrah; Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad
In this paper, municipal solid waste (MSW) based electricity production and district heating (DH) potential of Turkey are considered. Three MSW based waste-to-energy (WtE) scenarios is developed: (i) Scenario-I, a DH system integrated into a gas turbine power plant (GTPP), (ii) Scenario-II, a DH system integrated into an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), and (iii) Scenario-III, which is based solely on a DH system. As a result of the thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analyzes of these developed scenarios using an existing MSW-based cogeneration facility's actual operating data, the system with the most extended payback period (about 5 years) is found as the GTPP-DH system developed in Scenario-I, which also has the highest investment cost. On the other hand, the system with the shortest payback period (about 2 years) is found as the DH system developed in Scenario-III, which also has the lowest investment cost. Overall exergy efficiencies of the GTTP-DH, ORC-DH, and DH systems are found to be 41.86%, 16.15%, and 31.87%, respectively. When the developed WtE scenarios adapted to the pilot provinces selected from each geographical region of Turkey, it is found that the GTPP system developed in Scenario-I can increase the power generation capacity of MSW plants for each province by about 20%.
AtıfScopus16WoS15OpenAlex16İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Pb (II) biosorption from the aqueous solutions by raw and modified tea factory waste (TFW)
Nuhoğlu, Y.; Ekmekyapar Kul, Z.; Kul, S.; Nuhoğlu, Ç.; Ekmekyapar Torun, F.
The study is aimed to determine Pb (II) biosorption from synthetic wastewaters using natural and modified tea factory waste as biosorbent material. This process is carried out with this waste matter, which is found in large quantities, so cheap and has high metal adsorption ability. The sorption kinetic studies were determined as variations of initial pH value, particle size, initial Pb (II) and tea factory waste concentrations, stirring speed and temperature. Biosorption reached the equilibrium in 15 min. Zeta potential values of the biosorbent were defined in the range of pH 2 to 4. The adsorption isotherm models give the experimental values, and the thermodynamic characteristics of the patterns generally give insight about the sorption mechanism depending on the surface characteristics and affinity of the biosorbent. The biosorption mechanism was searched considering to Freundlich, Langmuir, BET and Temkin isotherm model, and the experimental adsorption values were conformed to Freundlich adsorption model. The optimum experimental conditions were investigated as pH 3.5, particle size of 0.125–0.25 mm, stirring speed of 200 rpm, biosorbent concentration of 7 g L−1 and 25 °C. In these conditions, the highest efficiency of biosorption was obtained as 94.07% and after the activating process the efficiency was reached to 97.73% at 70 mg L−1. The maximum Pb (II) removal capacity of raw tea factory waste was found to be 22.111 mg g−1 at 200 mg L−1. The biosorption kinetics has complied with the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic studies stated that this biosorption phenomenon was an endothermic process.
AtıfScopus26WoS26OpenAlex27İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1A comparative thermoeconomic analysis and optimization of two different combined cycles by utilizing waste heat source of an MSWPP
Ozahi, Emrah; Abusoglu, Aysegul; Tozlu, Alperen
In this paper, thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis as well as genetic algorithm optimization of two combined cycles, a gas turbine-organic Rankine cycle (GT-ORC) and a gas turbine-Kalina cycle (GT-KAL) are carried out. The novelty of this study is that the cycles are adapted to an actual solid waste power plant to generate additional power from the exhaust gas. Thus, the power generation capacity of the actual power plant can be raised by using the combined cycle. Due to this reason, besides the thermodynamic analysis of the cycles, thermoeconomic analyses and optimizations are also very important in order to improve the actual system capacity. The net power output of GT-ORC and GT-KAL are found to be 1.51 MW and 1.59 MW, respectively. The results obtained are seen to be reasonable when compared to the net power output of the power plant (5.66 MW). Another originality of this study is that the thermoeconomic results are improved by utilizing a multi-objective optimization method namely non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm method (NSGA-II). Thus, the two objectives, total power output and the total cost rate, at the design stage of the cycles are optimized and enhanced. Due to the optimization results, it is found that the net power output of the GT-ORC and GT-KAL are increased by 11.34% and 0.99%, respectively, while the total cost rates are decreased by 18.59% and 1.31%, respectively. GT-ORC with the net power output of 1.70 MW is seen to be more efficient as compared to GT-KAL which produces a net power output of 1.61 MW. However, the total and the capital cost rates of GT-ORC are found to be higher than those of GT-KAL.
AtıfScopus7WoS5OpenAlex11İncele - Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1A review on developments of environmentally friendly geopolymer technology
Krishna, R. S.; Mishra, Jyotirmoy; Zribi, Marwa; Adeniyi, Funmilayo; Saha, Suman; Baklouti, Samir; Shaikh, Faiz Uddin Ahmed; Gökçe, H. S.
This study aims to present an overview of the progress of geopolymer composites with regards to the latest developments on its constituents (binders, activators, and aggregates) and manufacturing techniques. Some ecological, economic, and industrial limitations of the traditional aluminosilicate binders yield to the pursuit of alternative ones over the period. Some of these latest binders e.g. ferrochrome ash, mine tailings, rice husk ash, red mud, have been highlighted in this paper. Current advances on replacement of natural fine and coarse aggregates such as mine tailings (iron ore tailings), recycled/lightweight aggregates for geopolymer preparation have been reviewed from the past literature. The paper also focuses on developments regarding the new class of green alkaline and acidic activators, which is traditionally considered to be the binding agent in the preparation of geopolymer composites. Different geopolymer production methods have been briefly discussed to study their effectiveness in achieving a strong and durable composite. This paper may serve to encourage further experimental research works for achieving more sustainable, cost-effective geopolymer composites with enhanced mechanical properties.
AtıfScopus89WoS77OpenAlex88İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Zeytin Karasuyunun İleri Oksidasyon Prosesleri İle Arıtımının İncelenmesi
Cengiz, Ibrahim; Kul, Sinan; Torun, Fatma Ekmekyapar
Bu çalışmada, Balıkesir ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir zeytinyağı üretim tesisinden temin edilen zeytin karasuyunun arıtımında ozon (O3), ozon+hidrojen peroksit (O3+H2O2) ve fenton (Fe2++H2O2) proseslerinin etkinlikleri incelenmiştir. İlk olarak %10 kapasite ile O3 jeneratörü çalıştırılmış ve 3 farklı pH (4.75, 10 ve 11) değerinde 6 saat boyunca ozonlama işlemi gerçekleştirilmiş ve maksimum giderim verimi pH değeri 11 olarak ayarlandığında %15.27 olarak hesaplanmıştır. İkinci olarak %10 kapasite ile O3 jeneratörü çalıştırılmış ve ortama 500 mg L-1 H2O2 ilave edilmiştir. 6 saatlik bu deneme sonrasında giderim verimi %9.8 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Son olarak zeytin karasuyunun arıtımı için farklı Fe2+ (2.014 g L-1 ve 4.028 g L-1) ve H2O2 (19.05, 44.44 ve 80 g L-1) konsantrasyonlarının etkilerinin incelendiği fenton prosesinde Fe2+ ve H2O2 konsantrasyonları arttığında deney sonunda ortamda kalan KOİ konsantrasyonları sürekli azalmıştır. Fe2+ konsantrasyonu 4.029 mg L-1 ve H2O2 konsantrasyonu 80 mg L-1 olarak ayarlanmış ve %81.94 oranında KOİ giderimi sağlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar fenton prosesinin, diğer proseslerden çok daha fazla etkinliğinin olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
AtıfOpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020How does the environmental knowledge of Turkish households affect their environmentally responsible food choices? The mediating effects of environmental concerns
Başar, Şule; Başar, Enes Emre
The main objective of the present study is to examine whether Turkish households’ environmental knowledge effects environmentally responsible food choices through the mediating effect of households’ environmental concerns. A face-to-face survey was conducted, resulting in 450 responses from households that have recently chosen environmentally responsible foods in Erzurum, Turkey. The hypotheses were tested using the partialleast squares-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique to detect how the mediating role ofenvironmental concerns plays in the relationships between environmental knowledge and households’ environmentally responsible food choices. The findings confirm that environmental knowledge and environmental concerns positively and significantly enhance households’ environmentally responsible food choices. It isalso the first study to examine the mediational effect of environmental concerns on environmental knowledgeand households’ environmentally responsible food choice relations. The findings of the study and its implications are expected to benefit the development of environmentally responsible foods in the Turkish food industry
AtıfOpenAlex8TR Dizin2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Some Quality Properties, Mineral and Heavy Metal Composition of Wild Fruit Traditional Marmalades#
Salık, Mehmet Ali; Arslaner, Ayla
In this research, some physicochemical and microbiological characteristics and mineral compositions of marmalades produced by traditional method using Berberis integerrima Bunge (purple barberry), Berberis vulgaris L. (pink barberry), Rosa pimpinellifolia L. (black rosehip), Rosa canina L. (pink rosehip), Malus sylvestris Miller (sour apple), and Vaccinium corymbosum L. (blueberry) wild fruit naturally grown in Bayburt and Trabzon provinces were determined. As a result of the research; pH 2.56-4.18, titration acidity (in terms of citric acid) 0.62-3.40%, dry matter 53.65-64.90%, water soluble dry matter 52.28-64.53%, water activity 0.818-0.894 and HMF (5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural) were detected in the range of 5.81-53.40 mg/kg. As a result of microbiological analysis, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliform group bacteria and yeast-mold were not detected in any of the samples. In the marmalade samples, the macro minerals Ca, K, P and Mg are ranged from 23.56-425.12 mg/kg, 1275.74-5918.10 mg/kg, 21.98-921.26 mg/kg and 125.50-776.23 mg/kg, respectively. Of the microminerals Fe 4034.85-22346.74 µg/kg, Mn 531.63-15065.91 µg/kg, Zn 345.40-6250.76 µg/kg, B 2872.99-7300.37 µg/kg, and Ba were found between 689.31-6455.24 µg/kg. The results of heavy metal analysis showed that marmalade samples were within reliable limits. It is concluded that these fruits, which are not usually consumed as table, but have rich mineral composition, characteristic taste and pleasant aroma, can be evaluated in marmalade production. In the years when the yields of wild fruits are high, it can be processed into products with long shelf life such as jam and marmalade and converted into added value can contribute to the regional economy.
AtıfOpenAlex10TR Dizin6İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Türkiye’de Organik Tarım
Erdogan, Ummugulsum; Aksakal, Vecihi; Tıraşcı, Serpil
Dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de gelişen bilim, teknoloji ve sanayi ile buna bağlı olarak değişen kırsal kalkınma ve üretim anlayışı, tarımsal faaliyetlerin gerçekleşme şeklini değiştirmiştir. Yeni üretim metotları sonucu çevre ve insan sağlığı bozulmuş ve gelinen noktada bilim insanları organik tarıma yönelmiştir. Ülkemizde 1980’li yıllarda başlayan organik tarım uygulamaları, 1994 yılında organik tarım yönetmeliğinin yayınlanmasıyla önemli ölçüde gelişme göstermiş ve yönetmelik son olarak 2018 yılında düzenlenmiştir. Ülkemiz toprak ve su kaynakları, iklimi, ürün çeşitliliği bakımından organik tarıma elverişli koşullara sahip olması dolayısıyla organik tarımın yıllar içerisinde nasıl bir ilerleme gösterdiğini ve bugün ne aşamada olduğunu görebilmek amacıyla bu çalışma hazırlanmıştır. Türkiye’ de 1990 yılında 1.037 ha alanda 313 çiftçi ile 8 organik ürün üretilmiştir. Son verilere göre 73.563 çiftçi 626.885 ha organik tarım alanında 2.371.612 ton organik ürün yetiştirmiştir. Ayrıca üretimi yapılan organik ürün çeşidi de 213’e çıkarılmıştır. İhracat durumuna bakıldığında toplam ihracat miktarının 111.690.675 ton olduğu ve bu ihracat miktarının önemli bir miktarını 41.633.896 tonla buğday ve buğday ürünlerinin oluşturduğu görülmektedir. İthalat verilerine bakıldığında ise toplam ithalat miktarının 175.865,85 ton olduğu ve en çok ithal edilen ürünün ise soya fasulyesi (tohumluk olmayan) (99.446 ton) olduğu bilinmektedir. Geçmiş yıllara göre organik tarım üretiminde önemli bir artış gözlense de Türkiye’nin tarım potansiyeli göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu artışın daha da artabileceği öngörülmektedir.
AtıfOpenAlex7İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Bor Atıklarının Perlit Esaslı Tuğlanın Mühendislik Özelliklerine Etkisi
Can, Ömer; Çaglar, Hakan; Çimen, Selçuk; Çağlar, Arzu
Endüstrinin gelişmesi atıkların oluşumunu beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu atıkların uygun sektörlerde kullanılması atıkların çevreye vereceği zararı minimize etmektedir. Bu atıkların değerlendirildiği alanlardan biri de inşaat sektörünün tuğla koludur. Bu çalışmada yerel malzemelerimizden olan perlit ve kıymetli endüstri atığı olan bor atığının tuğla yapı malzemesi özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada tuğla bünyesine %5 perlit malzemesi sabit tutularak, %5, %10, %15 ve %20 oranlarında bor atığı ikame ederek tuğla numuneleri üretilmiştir. Üretilen numuneler 900 ° C'de pişirilmiştir. Pişirilme sonucunda elde edilen tuğla numunelerine fiziksel ve mekanik deneyler uygulanmıştır. Fiziksel farklılıklarının tespiti için özgül ağırlık, suya doygun birim hacim ağırlık, porozite ve donma-çözünme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Mekanik özelliklerinin tespiti için ise tuğla numunelerine basınç dayanımı ve eğilmede çekme dayanımı deneyleri uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; perlit ve bor atığı katkısının uygun oranlarda tuğla üretiminde kullanılabileceği, kullanılması durumunda tuğla özelliklerine herhangi bir sakıncası olmadığı ve olumlu yönde etki sağladığı görülmüştür.
AtıfOpenAlex8TR Dizin4İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Usability of Midyat Stone Wastes in Soil Stabilization
Yilmaz, Fatih; Duman, Vedat
Improving the geotechnical properties of weak soils is described as soil stabilization. In this study, industrial wastes of Midyat stone were used to carry out soil stabilization. Midyat stone wastes, which are evaluated in the improvement of a low plasticity clay soil, were mixed with natural soil at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% additive percentages. In the light of the data obtained, the presence of a different binder was needed and lime was chosen as the primary binder. Index, strength and durability tests were carried out in mixtures containing 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% Midyat stone waste with and without lime. When the results of the experiments were examined, it was determined that the use of Midyat stone waste as an additive alone was ineffective on strength and durability values. In use with lime, 49% increase in strength has been determined compared to only lime sample. As a result of the study determined that the effect of Midyat stone wastes on freezing-thawing is very limited and more effective on wetting-drying, it was concluded that these wastes can be used for stabilization of low plasticity soils with lime.
AtıfOpenAlex1TR Dizin1İncele
