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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10968
Assessment of radiological hazards arising from natural radioactivity in Bayburt stones used in buildings and possible effects on public health
Dizman, Serdar; Umar, Muttaka; Hatipoglu, Yavuz Selim
Background – Since ancient times, natural stones have served as essential materials in construction, landscaping, and artistic applications. Bayburt stone is one of the most important stones used in and around Bayburt, in the Eastern Black Sea region of Türkiye. It has been frequently used in buildings (castle, house, etc.), street flooring, fountains, and places of worship from ancient times to the present day. Due to their underground origin, natural stones contain natural radioisotopes in various concentrations, making the assessment of their radioactivity levels important for public health. Objective – This study aims to determine the natural radioactivity levels of Bayburt stones used in buildings and to assess the potential radiological hazards and possible effects on public health. Methods – Natural radioactivity levels (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) were determined in a total of 36 Bayburt stone samples, 30 from five different quarries and 6 from a natural stone factory in Bayburt province. High-purity germanium (HPGe) spectrometry was employed to measure radioactivity concentrations. Additionally, several radiological hazard indices (Raeq, Hin, Iγ, D, AEDE, AGDE, and ELCR) were calculated and compared with reference limits proposed by international organizations. Results – The radioactivity concentrations in the Bayburt stone samples ranged from 1.56 to 23.54 Bq/kg for 226Ra, from 0.53 to 23.69 Bq/kg for 232Th, and from 10.31 to 505.35 Bq/kg for 40K. The average activity concentrations were found to be 5.56 ± 0.90 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 4.62 ± 0.65 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 179.12 ± 9.88 Bq/kg for 40K. The average values of Raeq, Hin, Iγ, D, AEDE, AGDE, and ELCR were found to be 18.68 Bq/kg, 0.07, 0.14, 8.91 nGy/h, 43, 72 μSv/y, 63.06 μSv/y, and 17.07 × 10−5, respectively. All calculated radiological hazard indices were below the recommended safety limits. Conclusion – The findings indicate that the Bayburt stone samples investigated are suitable for construction purposes and do not pose significant radiological hazards to human health when used in building environments.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10966
Influence of Salt Type on the Physicochemical, Microbiological, Sensory Properties, Mineral, Free Fatty Acid, and Volatile Composition of PDO Erzincan Tulum Cheese
Arslaner, Ayla; Yılmaz, Özlem
This study evaluated the quality attributes of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Erzincan Tulum cheese by comparing control cheeses made with Kemah spring salt (KS) to those made with Sivas spring salt (SS), Çankırı rock salt (CS), and a low-sodium salt (rock salt–KCl blend, 50:50, LNaS). Cheeses were ripened at −2 to 0 °C for 120 days. Analyses included chemical composition, mineral profile, proteolysis, lipolysis, fatty acid composition, volatile compounds, and sensory properties. During ripening, dry matter and pH increased significantly (p < 0.05). Mineral content varied by salt type: LNaS had higher potassium and lower sodium, KS-C had the highest sodium and phosphorus, and SS-C the highest magnesium (p < 0.05). Proteolysis increased in all samples, with the highest levels in LNaS (p < 0.05). Lipolysis increased in all samples (p < 0.05), with CS-C showing the highest free fatty acid (FFA) content. Fifty volatile compounds were identified; carbonyl compounds were highest in LNaS-C and esters were highest in SS-C. Sensory evaluation showed that CS-C had the highest overall acceptability score and SS-C the lowest (p < 0.05). CS-C outperformed the control in sensory quality, and LNaS-C achieved similar sensory acceptance without compromising quality. Salt content and type were identified as critical factors in determining the authenticity of PDO Erzincan Tulum cheese.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10961
Experimental 4E analysis (energy-exergy-economic-environmental) of hybrid parabolic trough collector-thermoelectric generator-phase change material cogeneration system
Guclu, Tamer; Cuce, Pinar Mert; Cuce, Erdem
Hybrid solar cogeneration systems are critical for enhancing energy utilisation and mitigating the intermittency of solar resources. This study presents a comprehensive 4E (Energy-Exergy-Economic-Environmental) experimental analysis of a novel hybrid system that uniquely integrates a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC), a small-scale steam turbine, a Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) assembly, and a Phase Change Material (PCM) thermal storage unit. The system's performance was investigated under 15 distinct operating conditions, varying initial water masses (0.1, 0.15, 0.2 kg) and operating pressures (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 bar). Experimental results demonstrated the system's adaptive cogeneration capabilities. At 14 bar and 0.2 kg, the system achieved its maximum Solar-to-Electricity efficiency of 0.42%. At this operating condition, the highest collector thermal efficiency was 25.25% (at 6 bar), and the maximum overall energy and exergy efficiencies were 8.43% and 1.45%, respectively. A key finding was the system's adaptive electrical output: at low pressures (6 bar), the TEG acted as a crucial co-generator, supplying up to 55% of the electricity, whereas at high pressures (14 bar), the turbine dominated, accounting for 88-90% of the output. Furthermore, the study experimentally confirmed that latent heat transfer was the dominant heat transfer mechanism for the PCM, with latent heat contributing ∼445 kJ (55%) of the 805 kJ total energy stored. The thermo-economic analysis confirmed the system's viability, yielding a Simple Payback Period (Spp) of 6.9 years and a competitive Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE) of $0.101/kWh. The system is projected to save 118.8 kg of CO2 and 660 L of water annually. The results validate the thermodynamic and economic feasibility of the integrated PTC-Turbine-TEG-PCM concept as a flexible solution for small-scale solar cogeneration.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10958
Assessment of municipal water quality criteria in consideration of microbiological and physicochemical parameters using a fuzzy decision-making framework
Suiçmez, Özlem; Teke, Çağatay; Özdemir, Akın
Water is a significant element for the sustainability of life and is crucial for many aspects, such as agriculture, cities, ecosystems, industries, and people. This study focuses on municipal water quality assessments for urbanization activities and human health concerns when dealing with the sustainable city concept. For the first time, an integrated fuzzy decision-making framework is proposed to evaluate municipal water quality criteria with microbiological parameters, heavy metals, and other chemicals. For this aim, the eight main criteria and forty-four sub-criteria were specified to evaluate municipal water quality for a sustainable city. A case study was performed in Bayburt, Türkiye, to evaluate 130 water depots when dealing with a number of scenarios. Moreover, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6.1 and 6.3 can be achieved through the study. Finally, this study presents how to develop safe and clean water management for the concept of a sustainable city.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10952
Microstructural Evolution of Vanadium-Modified A380 Aluminum Alloy under Different Solidification Conditions
Çolak, Murat; Avci, Ömer; Demir, Muhammet Emin
Quality requirements for aluminum alloys are continuously increasing with technological advancements, driving the need for improved alloy design and casting control. Alloying additions and solidification conditions play a decisive role in determining the microstructural characteristics of cast aluminum alloys. In this study, a commercial A380 aluminum alloy was modified with vanadium (V) additions of 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 wt.% and cast in step permanent molds with section thicknesses ranging from 5 to 30 mm, enabling a systematic investigation of different solidification conditions. Melting, liquid metal treatment, metallographic preparation, SEM/EDS analysis, density measurements, and solidification modeling were employed. The results demonstrate that vanadium addition and solidification time jointly govern the morphology and distribution of eutectic silicon and intermetallic phases. Under the investigated casting conditions, a V addition of 0.06 wt.% resulted in the most homogeneous microstructure, while higher V content led to the formation of coarser intermetallic phases, particularly at longer solidification times. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the combined effects of alloying and solidification parameters when optimizing the microstructure of A380 aluminum castings for industrial applications.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/bayburt/10946
Frequency spectrum analysis of ground reaction forces during running in individuals with piriformis syndrome following an eight-week neuromuscular training program
Aali, Shirin; Rezazadeh, Farhad; Sheykhalizadeh, Hamed; Qasemi, Mojtaba; Akman, Onur; Badicu, Georgian
Background: Piriformis syndrome, a neuromuscular condition associated with sciatic nerve irritation, can disrupt lower limb biomechanics and alter ground reaction force (GRF) profiles during running. Neuromuscular training may improve lumbopelvic stability and coordination, but its effects on GRF frequency characteristics remain underexplored. Methods: Thirty physically active males (aged 35–45 years) with piriformis syndrome were recruited and allocated to either an intervention group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15) in this quasi-experimental study. The intervention group completed an eight-week neuromuscular training protocol designed to enhance lumbopelvic stability and coordination. Vertical and free moment GRF components were recorded during treadmill running before and after the intervention. Temporal and group effects were analyzed using a two-way repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The intervention group exhibited a significant reduction in the number of harmonics in the vertical GRF component (p = 0.003, d = 0.55) and a decrease in the 99.5% power frequency of the free moment component (p = 0.001, d = 0.92). These changes reflected diminished high-frequency oscillations, suggesting improved eccentric muscle function, lumbopelvic control, and neuromuscular coordination. Conclusions: Neuromuscular training resulted in favorable alterations in GRF frequency spectra among individuals with piriformis syndrome, aligning with reductions in pain and indicating more efficient force transfer and load attenuation. These findings support the application of neuromuscular training to optimize running biomechanics and reduce mechanical stress in this population.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10945
The Use of Iron-Cobalt Sulphide Electrodes Decorated with Silver Nanoparticles as a Sensitive and Selective Sensor for Nitrite Determination in Different Meat Products
Anlar Daldal, Pınar; Öztürk Doğan, Hülya; Cinar Topcu, Kübra
In this study, silver nanoparticle-decorated iron cobalt sulphide (Ag@FeCoS₂) nanostructures were synthesized on the surface of a pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The resulting modified electrode obtained was used to determine the nitrite content in four different meat products (pastırma, bologna-type sausage, heat-treated sucuk, and ham) sourced from the same brand and widely consumed in the Turkish market. The fabricated Ag@FeCoS₂ electrode demonstrated high performance in amperometric nitrite detection, with a linear detection range (0.1 to 2.5 mM), high sensitivity (1759 μA mmol/L), and a low detection limit (0.29 μmol/L). The nitrite results obtained by the electrochemical method showed recoveries ranging from 99.3% to 102.5% compared with the spectrophotometric method. In addition, the physicochemical properties of the meat products, including pH, moisture, protein, fat, and ash contents, were characterized as complementary information on the real food matrices analyzed. Statistically significant differences were observed among the investigated products for these parameters. Overall, the developed Ag@FeCoS₂/PGE sensor provides a practical, accurate, and reliable analytical approach for nitrite determination in processed meat products.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10938
Perceived Organizational Support and Nurses' Job Performance: The Indirect Roles of Burnout and Quiet Quitting
Koroglu Kaba, Nagihan; Taskiran Eskici, Gülcan; Tiryaki Sen, Hanife
Perceived organizational support is an important organizational resource that may shape nurses' psychological well-being, workplace engagement, and performance-related outcomes. This study examined the relationship between perceived organizational support and nurses' job performance and explored whether burnout and quiet quitting showed indirect associations consistent with mediation. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital in the Black Sea Region of Türkiye. Of 980 eligible nurses, 439 responded (response rate: 44.8%); after excluding 14 questionnaires, 425 nurses were included in the final analysis, representing 43.4% of the eligible population. Data were collected using standardized instruments measuring perceived organizational support, burnout, quiet quitting, and individual work performance. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple mediation analysis using Hayes' PROCESS macro were performed. Perceived organizational support was positively correlated with job performance (r = 0.27, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with burnout (r = −0.47, p < 0.001) and quiet quitting (r = −0.37, p < 0.001). Burnout (r = −0.31, p < 0.001) and quiet quitting (r = −0.31, p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with job performance. The total effect of perceived organizational support on job performance was significant (b = 0.23, β = 0.27, p < 0.001). The direct association between perceived organizational support and job performance remained significant even after accounting for burnout and quiet quitting (b = 0.10, β = 0.12, p = 0.025). Significant indirect associations were observed through burnout (b = 0.07, β = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.03–0.12) and quiet quitting (b = 0.06, β = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.03–0.09). These findings suggest that supportive organizational environments may be associated with higher job performance among nurses by reducing burnout and quiet quitting. Given the cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as associations consistent with mediation rather than causal evidence. The study was conducted in a single tertiary university hospital in the Black Sea Region of Türkiye, which may limit generalizability to other settings.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10935
Problem posing on vectors in space: preservice teachers’ perspectives
Ergin, Ayda Nur; Öztürk, Mesut; Aydin, Tuba Ağirman
This study examines preservice elementary mathematics teachers’ problem-posing processes related to vectors in space. Adopting a qualitative case study design, the problem-posing process was analyzed by treating the phases of orientation, connection, generation, and reflection as analytic units, focusing on the cognitive, linguistic, and reasoning-based actions exhibited at each phase. The findings reveal that preservice teachers experience considerable difficulties in establishing meaningful connections between mathematical structures and real-life contexts, particularly when posing vector problems in three-dimensional environments. In addition, causal attribution processes became salient during the reflection phase, with participants frequently explaining their successes and difficulties by referring to their conceptual understanding, prior experiences, and perceived competence. The results offer implications for the design of theory-based learning environments that support problem-posing processes in mathematics teacher education, particularly for advanced mathematical topics.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/bayburt/10930
YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ROW SPACINGS ON CORIANDER GENOTYPES IN SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS
Kalkan, Zeynep; Ozturk, Erdogan; Sefaoglu, Firat; Gul, Volkan; Polat, Taskin; Toktay, Zehra; Mosber, Goltay
Increased plant population causes more in-row stress in plants, potentially reducing yield. Narrow row spacing can reduce stress by increasing plant-to-plant spacing within a row. Therefore, it is important to standardize plant row spacing according to various characteristics to achieve higher yield and quality. The purpose of the 2014–2015 study was to ascertain the impact of varying sowing distances (20, 30, 40, and 50 cm) between rows on the yield and agronomic traits of coriander genotypes (Gamze, Kudret, Telci). Four replications of the field research were set up using a "Randomized Blocks Experimental Design." The results indicated that genotype, row spacing, and the genotype x row spacing interaction had a statistically significant impact on seed output, but the years had no discernible influence on seed yield. The production of seed and oil decreased as row spacing increased, while oil content increased. With 20–40 cm row spacing and 1683.4–1846.5 kg da-1, the genotypes of Kudret and Telci produced the maximum seed production. Although the decrease in the number of branches and umbrellas in narrow row spacing had a negative effect on seed yield, the increase in the number of seeds per umbrella and the number of plants per unit area led to an increase in seed yield. When evaluated based on genotypes, although the Kudret and Telci genotypes gave the best results in terms of seed yield, the Kudret genotype gave the best results regarding essential oil ratio and essential oil yield.
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Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10928
Titanium and polyetheretherketone for spinal fusion cages: a comparative narrative review of material behavior, structural design, and clinical translation
Hasheminasab; Bazmi, Arian; Hamsianetefagh, Rojin; Tabak, Yasemin; Ashkani, Omid; Mahboubizadeh, Shahram; Colak, Murat; Şensoy, Abdullah Tahir
Cage material selection in spinal fusion requires a trade-off among biological fixation, mechanical compatibility, subsidence resistance, and postoperative imaging. This structured narrative review compares titanium and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages across seven domains: osseointegration, modulus matching, endplate load transfer, surface biofunctionality, imaging, additive manufacturing and personalization, and geometry-guided architecture. Peer-reviewed literature indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was considered from database inception through May 2026, with emphasis on comparative clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and mechanistic studies directly relevant to cage design. Preclinical studies favor porous and additively manufactured titanium for bone–implant integration, but a consistent fusion-rate advantage in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has not been established. In lumbar surgery, lower subsidence has been reported in selected lateral lumbar interbody fusion cohorts, while results after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion remain heterogeneous. PEEK retains advantages in radiolucency and intrinsic modulus matching, while surface-modified and porous PEEK can improve biological performance. Subsidence is not determined by chemistry alone; cage footprint, architecture, endplate preparation, fixation, and bone quality remain major modifiers. Current evidence therefore supports procedure and design-specific selection rather than universal replacement of either platform. Long-term comparative data and standardized definitions of fusion and subsidence remain limited.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10926
Enhancing salt stress tolerance in sugar beet via TiO2 nanoparticles: a machine learning approach
Engin, Mustafa Alptekin; Sefaoglu, Firat; Gul, Volkan; Aras, Selim; Kaynar, Dilara
In this study, the biostimulant potential of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles was investigated to enhance sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) seed response to salt stress. Controlled applications were conducted at different NaCl (0–200 mM) and TiO2 (0–1,800 ppm) levels, and eight key morphological and physiological parameters were evaluated. In the first stage, the individual and interactive effects of the factors were examined using a two-way analysis of variance. Then, various machine learning-based regression models, primarily the Gradient Boosting algorithm, were used to numerically model plant responses. Based on the high-accuracy models, optimal application combinations were determined for each parameter and visualized using graphical surface analyses. Additionally, the most suitable overall TiO2 dosage for each salt level was calculated using a multi-criteria scoring system that assigned equal weight to all parameters. The results revealed that TiO2 exerts a regulatory and protective effect on plants against salt stress, with this effect varying with both dosage level and environmental stress severity. The study demonstrates that nanotechnological initiatives can be integrated into data-driven agricultural strategies to optimize stress management.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/bayburt/10921
Chemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Methanol Extracts and Essential Oils From Ferulago Platycarpa Boiss. & Balansa (Endemic): Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties
Aygül, İmdat; Öz, Mehmet; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Baltacı, Cemalettin; Akmeşe, Osman; Sefalı, Abdurrahman
This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and biological activities of Ferulago platycarpa methanol extract (ME) and essential oil (EO). The EO was obtained via hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS, revealing sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as the dominant class, with caryophyllene (65.8%) and α-pinene (9.65%) as the major constituents. The methanol extract was subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis, which identified eleven phenolic compounds, with chlorogenic acid as the most abundant. The extract showed significantly higher total phenolic (1196.22±11.64 mg GAE/100g) and antioxidant (1870.00±17.69 mg QEE/100g) contents compared to the ME. In vitro enzyme inhibition assays demonstrated that the methanol extract exhibited potent inhibitory activity against carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II, ICSO= 0.023 pg/mL), acetylcholinesterase (AChE, ICSO= 110 pg/mL), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, IC50= 390 pg/mL). In contrast, the EO showed higher inhibition against α-amylase (IC50= 5920±10.45 pg/mL) and BChE (IC50= 1.32±0.65 pg/mL), while its α-glucosidase showed no inhibition. Antioxidant assays indicated superior activity for the methanol extract compared to the EO. Furthermore, antimicrobial testing revealed that the EO demonstrated broader and more effective antimicrobial action, exhibiting lower MIC and MBC values against several bacterial and fungal strains. Collectively, these results highlight F. platycarpa as a valuable source of bioactive compounds with promising applications in antidiabetic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and antimicrobial therapies.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10920
Experimental and Modeling Study of Fluidity in Ductile Iron (GGG40)
Coşar, Mehmet; Şüküroğlu, Ebru Emine; Güngör, Kadir; Çolak, Murat
Ductile irons (spheroidal graphite cast irons, SGI) are widely used in automotive and energy systems due to their high strength, ductility, and excellent machinability. The casting quality of these alloys largely depends on the flow and filling behavior of the molten metal, namely its fluidity. In this study, the effects of pouring temperature, filling time, and metallurgical quality on the fluidity of GGG40 ductile iron were investigated through both experimental and numerical approaches. Experimental trials were conducted at pouring temperatures of 1350 °C, 1400 °C, and 1450 °C; metallurgical quality levels of 10%, 50%, and 90%; and filling times of 5 s and 10 s. The fluidity lengths were measured and statistically evaluated. The results revealed that increasing the pouring temperature and metallurgical quality significantly improved fluidity, while shorter filling times allowed the molten metal to travel longer distances before solidification. Modeling studies performed using a commercial casting simulation software showed strong correlation with the experimental data. Microstructural examinations indicated that higher pouring temperatures and improved metallurgical quality led to a more homogeneous distribution of graphite nodules and an increased ferrite fraction in the matrix. The findings provide valuable insights into the influence of process parameters on the fluidity behavior of ductile iron and offer critical design data for enhancing casting quality and productivity in industrial foundry applications.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10919
Psychological Needs and Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents: A Gender-Moderated Mediation via Sensation Seeking and Cognitive Flexibility
Dombak, Kübra; Yayla, İbrahim Erdoğan; Makas, Samet; Çelik, Eyüp; Sahranç, Ümit; Kaya, Mehmet
Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating roles of cognitive flexibility and sensation seeking in the relationship between basic psychological needs and problematic social media use. Furthermore, the moderating effect of gender on indirect effects has been examined. Method: The sample of the study consisted of 838 Turkish adolescents aged between 14 and 18 (46.2% female; Mean = 15.6, SD = 1.71). Participants completed the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with the AMOS 26.0 program. Results: A significant relationship was found between basic psychological needs and problematic social media use (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). Both cognitive flexibility and sensation seeking partially mediated this relationship in girls (β = −0.23, p < 0.001), while fully mediating it in boys (β = 0.03, p = 0.675). Conclusions: The findings suggest that problematic social media use in adolescents may be associated with cognitive flexibility and increased sensation-seeking tendencies stemming from unmet psychological needs, and that gender plays an important role in this relationship.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10910
Corn Oil Oleogel With γ-Oryzanol/β-Sitosterol: Structural, Thermal, Textural, and Oxidative Characterization
Elbir Abca, Tuğba; Gençcelep, Hüseyin
In this study, a corn oil oleogel was prepared using γ-oryzanol and β-sitosterol to create a “healthier solid fat-like” structure aimed at reducing saturated and trans fat consumption. To prepare six different oleogels, a γ-oryzanol:β-sitosterol mixture (60:40) was added to corn oil at concentrations ranging from 6% to 15%. The samples were comprehensively evaluated in terms of oil-binding capacity and color; thermal behavior (including melting/crystallization properties); crystal structure; texture properties (hardness, stickiness, cohesion, and spreadability); molecular interactions and oxidative stability. The findings showed that all formulations had high oil binding capacity and that increasing the oleogelator concentration had a limited effect on oil binding. It has been determined that concentration plays an important role in the product's thermal resistance. Results show that as the oleogelator ratio increases, the structure becomes stronger and more durable; the melting behavior in thermal measurements shifts to higher temperatures. Crystal structure analyses support the formation of an oleogel network, while FTIR results indicate that the structure is formed predominantly through physical interactions. Consequently, it has been demonstrated that corn oil can acquire solid fat-like functional properties through this approach and offers a viable option for developing healthier fat formulations, particularly in spreadable products, margarine, and bakery fats.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10864
Effect of Scandium Addition on Recycled A356 Alloy: Experimental Investigation and CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Analysis
Kutsal, Ümit; Barutçuoğlu, Burak; Sağnak, Yiğit; Toker, Abidin; Çatar, Recep; Çolak, Murat
This study systematically investigates the influence of scandium (Sc) additions at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt.% on the melt quality, microstructural characteristics, fluidity, and mechanical performance of A356 aluminum alloy under recycling-oriented casting conditions. The alloy charge consisted of 20% primary aluminum and 80% recycled scrap, while the Fe content was maintained at 0.2 wt.%. Melt treatment was performed by rotary degassing using a commercial flux. Melt quality was assessed using the Reduced Pressure Test (RPT) and bifilm index analysis, whereas casting performance was evaluated through an eight-channel fluidity test. Mechanical behavior was characterized by tensile and Brinell hardness testing, and microstructural and phase analyses were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). To complement the experimental investigation and provide a thermodynamic basis for interpretation, phase stability, solidification behavior, and phase-fraction evolution were examined using Thermo-Calc within the CALPHAD framework. By combining experimental characterization with computational thermodynamic analysis, this study elucidates the effect of Sc content on the processing–microstructure–property relationships of recycled A356 alloys and provides a systematic basis for evaluating Sc modification in high-recycled-content aluminum castings.
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MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10861
Economic complexity and energy vulnerability: Does ESG performance matter?
Ongan, Serdar; Kuziboev, Bekhzod; Makhmudov, Samariddin; Matyakubova, Aziza; Imamoglu, Ilyas Kays; Aydin, Rahman; Isik, Cem
Energy vulnerability is a critical concern for achieving energy security and meeting the SDGs. However, the role of economic complexity, which represents a country's production and export diversification, in energy vulnerability has been largely neglected in the literature. This study fills this gap by examining the impact of economic complexity on energy vulnerability for 69 developing countries over the period 2000-2019. For this purpose, MMQR and various instrumental variable (IV) estimation techniques (IV-Quantile, 2SLS, Lewbel, and Kiviet) were used. In addition, ESG indicators were included in the model as instrumental variables to address potential endogeneity issues between economic complexity and energy vulnerability. In doing so, the ESG indicators are also included in the model as instrumental variables to control for the endogeneity of economic complexity. Empirical findings show that economic complexity is associated with lower energy vulnerability across all quantiles. These results reveal that countries with diversified economic structures (higher economic complexity) may be more resilient to energy shocks. Therefore, developing countries should focus on structural reforms and improve their ESG performances to reduce energy vulnerability. In terms of control variables, financial development, digitalization, and human capital are associated with lower energy vulnerability, whereas increases in natural resource revenues are sometimes associated with lower vulnerability levels. This finding suggests that, in the context of energy vulnerability, the predictions of the resource curse theory may not be observed in every case.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/bayburt/10853
The Role of Women's Labor Law and Business Freedom in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in OECD Countries
Isik, Cem; Ongan, Serdar; Isik, Olcay; Aydin, Rahman; Imamoglu, Ilyas Kays
Business freedom (FR) and women's labor law (WLL) are critical in achieving the SDGs. This research aims to test the effect of these two factors on the SDGs while also considering economic growth and energy efficiency, framing the analysis within the legal, economic, and environmental dynamics of the SDGs holistically. Fourier-augmented PANIC, cross-sectional dependence tests, panel OLS, bootstrap quantile regression, and panel Granger causality tests are applied for this aim. The OLS and bootstrap quantile regression analyses indicate that while FR negatively affects SDG at lower quantiles, these effects turn positive in higher quantiles. This can mean that in countries with high institutional quality, the freedom to do business becomes a tool for supporting sustainable economic development. The WLL has positive effects on SDGs in all quantiles except the 20th quantile. This result clearly shows the decisive role of women's labor rights and legal protections in driving sustainable development. The Granger causality test also supports these results: FR and WLL have a positive Granger causality effect on the SDGs. Additionally, while GDP positively affects SDGs in all quantiles, renewable energy efficiency negatively affects SDGs at low quantiles and has a positive impact at higher quantiles.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/bayburt/10851
The environmental, social and governance (ESG) dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on energy security
Isik, Cem; Ongan, Serdar; Kuziboev, Bekhzod; Imamoglu, Ilyas Kays; Amin, Azka
This study investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on energy security (ENSEC) for 34 developed countries. It offers a new institutional perspective by linking CSR to ENSEC within the framework of sustainable development. MMQR, PLFC, and DID methods are used for this analysis. The MMQR results indicate that CSR enhances ENSEC across all percentiles (10%-90%) in both aggregate and disaggregated analyses, across the social, environmental, and governance dimensions. Moreover, the PLFC model's findings reveal that CSR promotes ENSEC in aggregate, regardless of income level. However, in the disaggregated estimates from the PLFC model, the social dimension of CSR has no effect on ENSEC, whereas the environmental and governance dimensions continue to have a positive effect on ENSEC. As for the impact of China's energy investment, only China's fossil energy investment ensures ENSEC. These findings provide important policy insights by empirically validating the role of CSR in addressing long-term energy risks.
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