Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3
    Spiritual Monachopsis: Conceptualization, Scale Development, and Psychometric Analysis

    Okur, Süheyb

    In the modern era, individuals have increasingly experienced alienation from their religious environments and have been marked by a profound sense of “homelessness” within their worlds of faith. Based on the concept of “Monachopsis” —the subtle but persistent feeling of being out of place— this study was designed to develop the “Spiritual Monachopsis Scale” (SMS) to measure the spiritual manifestation of this phenomenon and to examine its psychometric properties in a sample of theology students. The scale development study was conducted with a total of 453 undergraduate theology students studying at Bayburt University in the 2025-2026 academic year, including 163 participants in the exploratory validation phase and 290 participants in the confirmatory validation phase. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. The EFA indicated that the scale had a three-factor structure —Disconnection from the Divine, Alienation from the Belief System, Religious Social Alienation— which explained 57.66% of the total variance. The CFA results confirmed that the 18-item structure demonstrated a good fit to the data. The internal consistency of the scale was found to be high. In terms of criterion-related validity, a positive and significant correlation was found between the SMS and the Negative Religious Coping scale. The findings indicate that the Spiritual Monachopsis Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing levels of spiritual homelessness and alienation, particularly among theology students. It is recommended that the SMS be used in future studies within higher religious education settings and campus-based spiritual counseling contexts to identify patterns of alienation in this population and to inform supportive psychoeducational programs.

  • MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1
    Trust in AI: scale development and validation for online distance learners

    Üstün, Ayşin Gaye; Yavuz, Mehmet; Kayalı, Bünyami; Uçar, Hasan; Erdoğdu, Erdem; Bozkurt, Aras

    Trust in artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a critical factor influencing students’ interactions with AI-supported learning environments. However, validated instruments for measuring student trust in AI within educational contexts remain limited. This study developed and validated a multidimensional scale to assess student trust in AI systems in online distance education. Scale development followed a sequential multi-stage design, including item generation based on literature review, expert evaluation for content validity, and psychometric validation through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. A total of 837 distance learning students participated in the study (EFA = 412; CFA = 307; validation sample = 118). Exploratory factor analysis supported a five-factor structure explaining 63.20% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample indicated good model fit (/df = 2.17; CFI =.95; TLI =.94; RMSEA =.06). The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (=.94; =.94). Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis supported metric invariance across gender, indicating comparable measurement across groups. No significant gender differences were observed, and trust in AI was not significantly associated with grade point average or system engagement frequency. These results suggest that trust represents a distinct perception that may influence how students engage with AI-supported learning environments. The resulting 21-item scale provides a reliable instrument for investigating student trust in AI and offers practical implications for the design and implementation of AI-supported learning in higher education.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
    AtıfScopus3WoS2OpenAlex3
    ScopusWeb of SciencePubMedİncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1
    Development and Validation of AI Acceptance Scale (AI-AS) for Learners in Higher Education

    Kayalı, Bünyami; Yavuz, Mehmet; Üstün, Ayşin Gaye; Uçar, Hasan; Erdoğdu, Erdem; Bozkurt, Aras

    The use of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in educational activities is increasing day by day. This situation highlights the need for valid and reliable measurement tools to determine students' levels of acceptance of this technology. This study aims to develop a standard measurement tool to determine students' levels of acceptance of AI. To this end, the systematic scale development steps proposed by DeVellis and Thorpe (2021) were followed. Exploratory factor analysis conducted with 560 participant responses and confirmatory factor analysis conducted with 950 participant responses resulted in a 26-item, 5-factor structure. The factors included in the scale were listed as "usability", "ease of use", "intention and attitude", "facilitating conditions" and "trust and data privacy". The findings revealed that the scale had high internal consistency and exhibited satisfactory model fit indices. The results indicate that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining students' levels of AI acceptance. The study offers practical implications for researchers and practitioners and highlights directions for future work on AI adoption in higher education environments.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
  • MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1
    Social Media Interaction Motivation Scale: Development and Relations with Fear of Missing Out, Phubbing, Social Media Disorder, Gender and Time Spent

    Akeren, İhsan; Koçak, Lokman; Özgöl, Mustafa; Demir, Mustafa

    Social media, which is one of the platforms where online activities are most intensely observed, has become an indispensable element of daily life as it enables individuals to interact. The aim of this three-phase study was to develop a measure of social media interaction motivation (SMIM) among those who use at least one of these platforms, to test its validity and reliability, and then to examine its relationship with some variables that were found to be similar. SMIM increases unhealthy cyber behaviors such as fear of missing out (FoMO) and phubbing. Comparing the measures across the three studies, the means of SMD, FoMO, and phubbing do not differ by gender, except for the higher SMIMS scores of females in Study 2. However, these means increase dramatically with time spent on social media. Considering some limitations of the study, we present our suggestions for future studies.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    AtıfScopus6WoS6OpenAlex8
    ScopusWeb of Scienceİncele
  • Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2023
    Sporda cinsiyet algısı: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması

    Neşe Şahin

    Cinsiyet algısı kavramı, toplumdaki kadın ve erkeklerin sosyal olarak belirlenmiş sorumluluklarını ve rollerini ifade etmekte olup Türkiye'de cinsiyet çalışmalarının sıklıkla incelenen konular arasında olduğu görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte günümüzde sporda cinsiyet çalışmalarının önemli bir yere sahip olmasına rağmen ilgili alanyazın incelendiğinde cinsiyete yönelik ölçme araçlarının sayıca az olması ve bireylerin sporda cinsiyet algılarının belirlenmesini sağlayan bir ölçme aracının bulunmaması nedeniyle geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçeğe ihtiyaç duyulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmada, bireylerin sporda cinsiyet algı düzeylerinin hangi boyutlarda gerçekleştiğinin ortaya koyulması ve sporda cinsiyet algılarını ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Bayburt ilinde ikamet eden ve spor ilgi duyup spor gündemini düzenli bir şekilde takip 18 yaş ve üzeri toplam 805 birey (Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi kapsamında 357, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi kapsamında 448 birey) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Sporda Cinsiyet Algısı Ölçeği'nin hazırlanması aşamasında alanyazın taraması, uzman görüşü ve pilot çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda ölçme araçları olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ve "Sporda Cinsiyet Algısı Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ölçeğin kapsam geçerliliği için uzman görüşlerine başvurulmuş; Yapı geçerliliği için Açımlayıcı ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizleri yapılmış; Ölçüt geçerliliği için "Sporda Cinsiyet Algısı Ölçeği" ile "Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik Ölçeği" arasındaki ilişkiye bakılmıştır. Ayrıca güvenirlik çalışması için Cronbach Alfa (Cronbach's Alpha) katsayısı incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda beş faktörlü bir yapı (medyaya ilişkin cinsiyet algısı, spor yönetimine ilişkin cinsiyet algısı, spor ortamına ilişkin cinsiyet algısı, spor branşına ilişkin cinsiyet algısı ve sporda eşitliğe ilişkin cinsiyet algısı) ortaya koyulmuş olup beşli Likert tipi bu ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Spor, cinsiyet, cinsiyet algısı, sporda cinsiyet algısı, ölçek geliştirme.

  • MakaleAçık Erişim2023
    Development of self-regulation scale for middle school students: Validity and reliability study

    Sarikaya, Ismail; Ozturk, Mesut; Ozgol, Mustafa

    This study was conducted to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool that can identify middle school students' self-regulation skills. Firstly, the literature was utilized in the development of the measurement tool. The form was finalized with the support of the opinions of different experts and a trial application. Then, the form was administered to 341 middle school students to determine its construct validity, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the collected data. Then, the form was administered to 341 middle school students to determine its construct validity, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the collected data. As a result of the study, it was determined that the scale consisted of 9 items and two sub-dimensions, namely forethought and volitional control and self-reflection. In order to reveal the reliability of the scale, internal consistency, two-half test analyses, and composite reliability (CR) were used, and it was determined that the values found were .74 and above. In order to reveal the accuracy of the obtained structure, data were collected from 218 middle school students in a different province, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed with these data. As a result of the analysis, the two-factor structure of the scale was confirmed. When the findings are examined, it can be said that the scale is a reliable and valid tool that can be applied to determine the self-regulation skills of students studying at the middle school level.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
    AtıfWoS1OpenAlex4TR Dizin2
    Web of ScienceTR Dizinİncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2023
    Validity and Reliability Study of Listening Attitude Scale for Prospective Teachers

    Kaplan, Kadir

    The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool to measure the listening/watching attitudes of pre-service teachers. 387 pre-service teachers were administered the scale, and its validity and reliability studies were conducted by exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency measurement, and confirmatory factor analysis. EFA revealed that the scale has four dimensions. To determine the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated at 0.928. In the principal component analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient was found to be 0.937. In addition, the Barlett Sphericity test was significant (χ2 = 4607.552; p<0.05). Varimax rotation resulted in factor loadings ranging between 0.37 and 0.91. In CFA, the standardized regression coefficients averaged around 0.700 and the items in each dimension had a significant predictive power. As a result of the analysis, a valid and reliable scale was obtained.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
    AtıfScopus1
    Scopusİncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2021
    Challenges and fundamental skills for primary school teachers: Developing self-efficacy beliefs scale

    Sarikaya, Ismail; Sökmen, Yavuz

    The study aims to shed light on the strengths of the primary school teaching profession and the fundamental skills that a primary school teacher (PST) should have while also taking into account the views of the PSTs. However, based on the data collected, the objective is to develop a self-efficacy belief scale (SEBS) for PSTs and teacher candidates. The first stage was carried out with 80 PSTs with at least five years of professional experience. 763 PSTs and PST candidates participated in second stage of the study. A SEBS was developed for PSTs and teacher candidates in light of the obtained data. Descriptive analysis and content analysis were used for qualitative data. The categories of being a teacher in village school, administration-colleague and parent-related problems, student self-care, pedagogical qualifications, and personal and professional development were attained concerning the challenges and fundamental skills for PSTs. Scale development steps were followed second stage of the study. The SEBS containing three sub-dimensions and 19 items is assumed to be helpful and valid and reliable metrics.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
    AtıfWoS1OpenAlex4TR Dizin3
    Web of ScienceTR Dizinİncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ4
    The scale of evaluating instruction in pandemic process: Development, validation, and reliability; [Mokymo vertinimo skalė pandemijos procese: Plėtra, pagrįstumas ir patikimumas]

    Tutal, Özgür; Kayalı, Bünyami; Yavuz, Mehmet; Hasançebi, Mehmet; Yeşildağ-Hasançebi, Funda

    Annotation. The study aims to develop a scale for determining student views on distance instruction, hybrid instruction, and back-to-school process after the pandemic. The study data were obtained from 442 students. EFA and CFA were performed to determine the scale‘s construct validity. Moreover, to decide the data collection tool‘s reliability, item analysis was conducted and internal consistency coefficients were estimated. Based on the results obtained from the validity and reliability analysis of the scale, it can be said that the Scale of Evaluating Instruction in Pandemic Process (SEIPP) is valid and reliable.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
    AtıfOpenAlex2
    Scopusİncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ4
    Development of teacher academic optimism scale: The validity and reliability study

    Ergen, Yusuf; Elma, Cevat

    The study aims to develop a valid and reliable academic optimism scale that can be used to determine teachers' academic optimism levels. The study was conducted through a total number of 404 primary school teachers who worked in the central districts of Malatya Province during 2014-2015 academic year. The content validity and face validity of the scale were determined via expert recommendations. An explanatory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to determine the construct validity of the scale. After the expert opinions, 80 items reduced to 64 and the data was collected by the use of these 64 items. An exploratory factor analysis revealed 5 factors reducing 64 items in to 33 and explaining 58.56% of the total variation in the data. The five-factor model obtained through an explanatory factor analysis after removal of one item as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis was observed to be highly consistent. Different from previous related research, the result showed that a new dimension as "Maneger Trust" emerged as a part of "Teacher Academic Optimism Scale". And finally this scale could be used as a valid and reliable instrument in the future studies.

    AtıfScopus2WoS1
    ScopusWeb of Scienceİncele