Yazarlar
- Ayata, Ümit(9)
- Esteves, Bruno(4)
- Peker, Hüseyin(4)
- Domingos, Idalina(3)
- Ferreira, José(2)
- Gürleyen, Levent(2)
- Türk, Mutlu(2)
- Ulay, Göksel(2)
- Çakicier, Nevzat(2)
- Akter, Mete(1)
- Atilgan, Abdi(1)
- Atılgan, Abdi(1)
- Can, Ahmet(1)
- Ferreira, J.O.S.É.(1)
- Sahin, Sirri(1)
- Sivrikaya, Hüseyin(1)
- Tuncay Efe, Fatih(1)
- Çakıcıer, Nevzat(1)
- Çamlıbel, Osman(1)
- Çiftçi, Seymen(1)
- Şahin, Sırrı(1)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3Analysis of the Impact of Blue Stain on the Color, Glossiness, and Whiteness Properties of Scots Pine Lumber
Ayata, Ümit; Peker, Hüseyin; Ulay, Göksel; Çamlıbel, Osman; Atilgan, Abdi
It is known that blue stain causes a loss of price value for Scots pine wood in the wood trade due to the visual defects it creates. In this study, color parameters [red color tone (a*), lightness (L*) value, yellow (b*) color tone, tone angle (h°) value, and chroma (C*) value], whiteness index (WI*) values, and glossiness measurements [at angles of 20°, 60°, and 85°] were compared in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood with normal and blue rot conditions. According to the color parameters obtained, it was determined that the L* value decreased by 11.43%, a* by 79.95%, b* by 28.86%, and C* by 32.75%, while the h° value increased by 17.74%. With the blue coloration, decreases were observed in the 20° glossiness values measured in the ⃦ and ⊥ directions, while increases were observed in the 60° and 85° glossiness values measured in the ⃦ and ⊥ directions. With the blue coloration, decreases of 12.86% in the ⊥ direction and 29.87% in the ⃦ direction in the WI* values were observed. According to these results, it was determined that the wood material with the blue coloration disease had a darker color.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2THE EFFECTS OF THERMAL AGING ON COLOR AND GLOSSINESS IN UV CURED COATINGS APPLIED TO SESSILE OAK
Şahin, Sırrı; Ayata, Ümit; Esteves, Bruno
Color and glossiness are two important aesthetic properties of wood flooring and wood furniture that significantly affect consumers choice. With time the coating deteriorates altering the surface properties. Un-derstanding these changes is important for furniture industry, impacting design choices, material selection, and long-term maintenance. The effects of thermal aging (30 °C for 30 days, 60 °C for 60 days, and 90 °C for 90 days) on color parameters (C*, L*, b*. a*, ho) and glossiness on both perpendicular () and parallel (║) directions at 20°, 60°, and 85° angles in UV-cured coatings applied on sessile oak were studied. Results show that statistically significant differences were observed in the glossiness values, as well as in C*, b*, a*, L* and ho. As the temperature and duration of the thermal aging process increased, there was a noticeable increase in the values of color parameters b*, a*, and C*, while the values of ho and L* decreased. The characteristics of the surfaces exposed to thermal aging have undergone a complete transformation.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ3Testing of Bleaching Application on Kingwood (Dalbergia cearensis Ducke) Wood; [Analiza primjene izbjeljivanja na drvu kingwooda (Dalbergia cearensis Ducke)]
Peker, Hüseyin; Ayata, Ümit
In this study, surface changes (whiteness index: WI*, color parameters, and glossiness properties) occurring after bleaching with oxalic acid (C2H2O4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) + sodium hydroxide (NaOH) chemicals in kingwood (Dalbergia cearensis Ducke) wood, used for high-quality applications such as quality turning, marquetry, furniture, inlay work, musical instruments, and decorative items, were investigated. The ΔE* values were determined as 5.46 for the single component and 8.69 for the double component. Decreases in L* and ho parameters were obtained by the action of the C2H2O4 chemical, while increases were observed in the a*, C*, and b* parameters. Additionally, the use of H2O2 + NaOH chemicals in the bleaching process resulted in increases in L*, b*, C*, and ho values, with a decrease noted in the a* parameter. Observations revealed reductions in glossiness values at 60 and 85 degrees when employing two distinct bleaching agents in both orientations. It can be said that the bleaching agents used in the study exert varying effects as modifiers on the surface of wooden materials.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ3The Effect of Weathering on Color and Glossiness Properties of Polyurethane-Modified Water-Based Varnish Layers Applied to Thermally Treated Ash Wood
Ulay, Göksel; Akter, Mete; Çakıcıer, Nevzat; Peker, Hüseyin; Ayata, Ümit; Atılgan, Abdi; Çiftçi, Seymen
The effects of artificial weathering (168, 336, and 504 h) on the glossiness values and color parameters of varnished, polyurethane-modified ash wood were investigated. Samples included control samples without treatment and thermally treated samples under two different conditions (190 °C for 1.5 h and 212 °C for 2 h), all coated with a polyurethane-modified water-based varnish. In non-thermally treated and varnished samples, decreases in L* values were observed after weathering, while increases were noted in ho, C*, b*, and glossiness at 60° in both perpendicular and parallel directions to the fibers. After weathering, for samples thermally treated at 190 °C for 1.5 h and varnished, increases were observed in glossiness values at 20° and 60° in both directions, as well as in L*, b*, and ho values. Conversely, decreases were noted in a* and C* values. In samples thermally treated at 212 °C for 2 h and varnished, increases in a*, L*, ho, b*, and C* values were detected after weathering, whereas decreases were observed in glossiness at all angles (20° and 60°) in both directions. The ∆E* values showed a decreasing trend in non-thermally treated varnished samples after weathering, while an increase was observed in samples thermally treated at 212 °C for 2 h and varnished.
AtıfScopus1OpenAlex1
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024The effects of carbonate and vinegar mixture on selected surface properties of iatandza (Albizia ferruginea) wood; [Iatandza (Albizia ferruginea) odununda seçilmiş bazı yüzey özellikleri üzerine karbonat ve sirke karışımının etkileri]
Ayata, Ümit
The color of wooden materials can be altered through various applications (thermal treatment, bleaching, impregnation, aging, etc.). This study aimed to investigate alterations in color, whiteness index (WI*), and glossiness properties resulting from the application of two distinct solutions (two different types of vinegar and a mixture of carbonate) on the surfaces of iatandza (Albizia ferruginea) wood. A reference group was established, and the surfaces subjected to treatments were compared among themselves. According to the results of the analysis of variance conducted, the solution type prepared over all tests was determined to be statistically significant. The L*, C*, b*, and a* values in the color parameters decreased while the h° value exhibited an increase after the application of solutions. The ∆E* values were measured at 13.63 for the carbonate + vinegar (A) solution and 13.13 for the carbonate + vinegar (B) solution. Furthermore, the calculated differences ∆b*, ∆L*, ∆a*, and ∆C* using color formulas were observed to be negative for both solutions. Glossiness values exhibited reductions in both directions at 60 and 85 degrees, alongside decreases in WI* values in both orientations. It was noted that the application of solutions resulted in alterations to the surface characteristics of the wooden material.
AtıfScopus2OpenAlex4TR Dizin1
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3Investigation of Use of Linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench.) Wood with UV System Varnish Application IN INDOOR Parquet Flooring
Ayata, Ümit; Esteves, Bruno; Domingos, Idalina; Ferreira, José; Tuncay Efe, Fatih; Türk, Mutlu; Çakicier, Nevzat; Gürleyen, Levent; Peker, Hüseyin
Linden wood is used in the making of musical instruments, agricultural hand tools, and in the furniture sector. In this study, the changes in glossiness (parallel (//) and perpendicular (⊥) to the fibers at 20°, 60°, and 85°, the pull-off adhesion test, color parameters (CIEL) and pendulum hardness (König method) of two different UV curable varnishes applied to linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench.) according to industrial application techniques and exposed to artificial weathering were investigated. According to the research results, while L*, ΔH*, and h° decreased with increasing weathering time in both varnish layers, ΔC*, b*, ΔE*, a*, and C* rose. The pendulum hardness grew for Method B but dwindled for Method A. A decrease was found in the adhesion tests for both varnish methods after artificial weathering. The glossiness was generally reduced due to artificial weathering for all the angles and for both directions, with the exception of 85º in Method A. The variance analysis and homogeneity groups showed that the changes in the adhesion, pendulum hardness, L*, a*, h°, C*, perpendicular and parallel to the fibers for 60° and 85° were found to be significantly different with artificial weathering for both methods.
AtıfScopus1WoS1OpenAlex1
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ2EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL WEATHERING ON THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF COATED RADIATA PINE
Sahin, Sirri; Esteves, Bruno; Can, Ahmet; Sivrikaya, Hüseyin; Domingos, Idalina; Ferreira, José; Ayata, Ümit
Radiata pine boards were coated with two different methods A and B both beginning with a hydro primer and finishing with a mat oil but method A using an acrylic high gloss coating and method B three layers of an acrylic sealer in between. The samples were subjected to aging processes for 144 h, 288 h, and 432 h by using UV-A 340 nm lamps. The CIE L*a*b* and CIE L*C*H* coordinates were determined (L*, a*, b*, C*, ho*, ΔE*), gloss (perpendicular (⊥) and parallel (//) to the grain at 20°, 60°, and 85° angles) and surface adhesion strength via the pull-off method were tested before and after weathering. Results have shown that lightness (L*), decreases with weathering for both varnish applications with a higher decrease for the B coating system. Redness increased for both applications with no significant differences. At the same time there was a yellowing of the samples along the weathering period. Parallel and perpendicular gloss decreased for 20º and 60º angles while it increased for 85º angle. The adhesion strength of method A was higher and its decrease with weathering was smaller than for method B. Both varnish applications have proven to confer some protection against wood discoloration, but method A showed the best results and is therefore the best method to be used by radiata pine.
AtıfScopus2WoS2OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ2Effect of accelerated ageing on some surface properties of uv-coated hackberry (Celtis australis l.) wood parquet
Ayata, Ümit; Esteves, Bruno; Gürleyen, Levent; Çakicier, Nevzat; Ferreira, J.O.S.É.; Domingos, Idalina; Türk, Mutlu
The importance of UV-curable coatings is currently increasing. In the parquet industry, where UV systems are applied, it is beneficial to investigate new tree species as potential raw materials. This study was carried out to determine the effect of accelerated ageing on some surface properties of hackberry (Celtis australis L.) wood treated with UV system parquet varnish. UV system parquet varnishes were applied to hackberry wood surfaces in three and five layers, according to the requirements of industrial applications. The varnished surfaces were then exposed to UV rays for 252 and 504 h using UVA-340 lamps in a QUV ageing device. Glossiness, colour parameters, pendulum hardness and adhesion strength (pull-off) (MPa) were determined for the coated samples before and after ageing, and the results for the aged and unaged test samples were compared. Analysis of variance showed that the results were significant for all tests. The results for all tests varied by ageing time.
AtıfScopus5WoS4OpenAlex3İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ2Effects of artificial weathering on the surface properties of ultraviolet varnish applied to lemonwood (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.)
Ayata, Ümit
Ultraviolet varnishes are widely used for production processes in the parquet industry. A large number of chemicals are used in this sector, and each one has different characteristics. In this study, the effects of accelerated aging of ultraviolet varnish (3 and 5 coats) when applied to lemonwood (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.) (grown in Mezitli, Mersin, Turkey) were investigated. The ultraviolet varnish coated samples were subjected to aging processes (144 h, 288 h, and 432 h) by using UV-A 340 nm lamps. Color (L*, a*, b*, and ΔE*) parameters, glossiness (perpendicular (⊥) and parallel (//) at 20°, 60°, and 85°), and surface adhesion strength via the pull-off method for ultraviolet varnish coated samples were quantified before and after weathering. According to the results, the varnish type, aging period, and interaction between all studied variables, i.e. L*, a*, b* color parameters, glossiness (perpendicular (⊥) and parallel (//) at 20°, 60°, and 85°), and adhesion strength were found to alter the surface properties. As a result, the lemon tree can be used in the production of an ultraviolet parquet system.
AtıfScopus16WoS12OpenAlex17İncele