Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ4Determination of Biological Activities of Encapsulated Bee Venom
Keskİn, Şaban; Bayram, Sinan; Keskİn, Merve
Bee venom is an important bee product used directly in apitherapy applications. Once harvested, bee venom crystallizes rapidly upon contact with air. Furthermore, bee venom that is not produced and stored under optimal conditions deteriorates rapidly. For this reason, there is a need for new methods that can extend the shelf life of bee venom. Encapsulation techniques are widely used to extend the shelf life of bioactive components by immobilizing them within a biocompatible biopolymer. In this study, the potential of encapsulating bee venom using ionic gelation with chitosan, a biocompatible polymer, was investigated. It was found that chitosan had a 91% encapsulation efficiency for bee venom. It has been determined that bee venom inhibits the acetylcholinesterase enzyme by 84%±2.1, whilst its total protein content is 64.2%±1.8. The antimicrobial activity of the encapsulated bee venom was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis. The inhibition zones ranged from 11 to 12 mm. The results showed that the encapsulated bee venom retained its biological activity without significant loss.
- BildiriYalnız künye2022Scopus SJRQ2Ultrasonicate-assisted preparation of eumelanin-loaded nano/microparticles based on polylactide stereocomplex
Putri, Oceu Dwi; Petchsuk, Atitsa; Bayram, Sinan; Opaprakasit, Pakorn
The utilization of ultrasonication in the preparation of polymeric nano/microparticles has attracted vast attention due to its simplicity with low cost and high energy efficiency. The occurrence of acoustic cavitation generated by the ultrasonication process can enhance droplet disintegration, allowing the improved stability of emulsions. In this study, eumelanin-loaded nano/microparticles were prepared by employing polylactide stereocomplex (sc-PLA) formed by blending of poly(D-lactide-caprolactone-D-lactide), P(DLA-b-CL-b-DLA), triblock copolymer with linear poly(L-lactide), PLLA. The particles were prepared through an oil in water emulsion (O/W) technique followed by a solvent evaporation. The effect of ultrasonication on the encapsulation efficiency and physicochemical properties of the nano/microparticles was evaluated. The results showed that ultrasonication treatment could control nano/microparticles' shape, size, and size distribution, which enhanced the particle stability and the entrapment efficiency of eumelanin. Particle size distribution of ultrasound-assisted nano/microparticles was in a range of 0.38–135 μm, while those without ultrasonication had a broader distribution from 0.38–153 μm. Higher zeta potential was also observed in the ultrasound-assisted nano/microparticles, reflecting their higher suspension stability. The ultrasonication treatment led to higher eumelanin encapsulation efficiency (46.6%) with higher thermal stability and crystallinity, promoted by the formation of higher contents of the stereocomplex crystallites. The results confirm that ultrasonicate-assisted emulsification can be effectively used to fabricate the functional eumelanin-loaded nano/microparticles.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2016Scopus SJRQ1A novel antifungal surface-coating application to limit postharvest decay on coated apples: Molecular, thermal and morphological properties of electrospun zein–nanofiber mats loaded with curcumin
Yilmaz, Azime; Bozkurt, Fatih; Cicek, Perihan Kubra; Dertli, Enes; Durak, Muhammed Zeki; Yilmaz, Mustafa Tahsin
Coating surfaces of fruit with electrospun zein mats with functionalized antimicrobial properties can be a novel strategy to prevent fungal colonization on fruit surfaces. In this study, we tested curcumin-loaded electrospun zein nanofibers (CLZN) in terms of limitation of postharvest decay on CLZN–coated apples infected with Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum. Mixtures of zein and curcumin (the curcumin amounts of 2.5 and 5 wt% based on the weight of zein powder) were electrospun to yield cylindrical and ultrafine (< 350 nm in diameter) polymeric nanofibers. In addition, molecular, thermal, zeta potential and morphological properties of the CLZN as well as their encapsulation efficiency and releasing kinetics were determined, revealing that the developed zein-based scaffolds showed high encapsulation efficiency, molecular interactions with curcumin within nanofibers, alterations in physical states of these components, smooth beadless structure and good thermal (an endothermic peak at 152 °C) and dispersion stability (− 24 mV of ζ potential) properties. In vitro antifungal activity tests conducted at 27 °C for six days showed that CLZN were effective against growth of the tested fungal pathogens, exhibiting almost 40–50% inhibition of mycelial growth of the fungal pathogens; but the antifungal effect against P. expansum was but two-fold higher than that against B. cinerea. In vivo tests conducted at 23 °C with 75% humidity for six days confirmed in vitro test results in terms of both visual inspections on uncoated and coated apples, revealing almost 50% reduction in lesion diameter measured on coated apples infected with Penicillium expansum. Our results suggest that CLZN mats open up new opportunities for a novel application of edible and biodegradable antifungal coating material with the ability to hinder fungal proliferation on coated apples during storage period. Industrial relevance We coated the surfaces of fruits with electrospun mats with functionalized antimicrobial properties to prevent fungal colonization on fruit surface. The coating of apples with curcumin-loaded zein nanoparticles (CLZNs) limited the postharvest decay caused by the fungal pathogens, Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea. This study showed that by encapsulation of curcumin into zein-based nanofibers considerably increased the antifungal effectiveness of curcumin. Our results highlighted the potential use of the CLZN as an effective fungicidal coating material against P. expansum and B. cinerea and suggested that CLZNs can be promising tools to compete with synthetic fungicide counterparts of curcumin. The results of this study should be of great importance to industrial applications in terms of development of natural, but effective preservatives as alternative to synthetic ones.
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