Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Gastrointestinal stability and bioactivity of propolis from diverse origins
Can, Zehra; Çelebi, Zeynep Berin; Tunca, Erol; Kolaylı, Sevgi; Sevin, Sedat; Tutun, Hidayet
Propolis is a chemically complex bee product whose biological properties depend on its botanical and geographical origin. However, little is known about how gastrointestinal digestion affects its phenolic profile and bioactivity. In this study, twelve propolis samples from eight countries were evaluated for phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity (FRAP, ABTS+•), and urease inhibition before and after simulated gastric digestion. RP-HPLC–PDA identified 26 phenolic compounds showing substantial compositional diversity. Turkish Bolu propolis retained the highest post-gastric FRAP value, while several samples (BBP, AFP) maintained or enhanced urease inhibition. PCA and HCA highlighted origin-dependent differentiation, identifying digestive stability as a key variable for functional potential.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2Optimization of Phenolic Compound Extraction from Bee Products via Solvent Systems and PCA Integration
Birinci, Ceren; Kara, Yakup; Gıdık, Betül; Kolaylı, Sevgi; Can, Zehra
To achieve a highly selective and sensitive analysis of phenolic compounds in bee products (honey, bee bread, and propolis), a simultaneous quantification of 25 phenolic compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector. In the study, various solvents were utilized to enhance the phenolic profile of bee products, including pH 2 and 7 ultra-pure water, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate. These included non-liquid–liquid extraction, pH 2 with 10 mL of pure water and 20 mL of diethyl ether; pH 2 with 10 mL of pure water and 20 mL of ethyl acetate; pH 2 with 10 mL of pure water, 10 mL of diethyl ether, and 10 mL of ethyl acetate; and pH 7 with 10 mL of pure water, 10 mL of diethyl ether, and 10 mL of ethyl acetate. Additionally, the integration of phenolic compounds identified through the enrichment method was pursued using principal component analysis (PCA). The extraction yields and recovery rates of phenolic compounds can be significantly improved by combining and integrating different extraction techniques. Our results demonstrated that using different solvent combinations significantly improved both the yield and diversity of phenolic compounds extracted from the complex matrices of bee products.
AtıfScopus2WoS2OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2A Promising Antibacterial Inhibition of Propolis Extracts Against Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria Isolated From Clinical Samples
Esertaş, Ülkü Zeynep; Inal, Neşe; Can, Zehra; Kolaylı, Sevgi
The increasing inadequacy of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens is a growing concern. In this study, the antibacterial activity of propolis extracts with different phenolic profiles against carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates was investigated. The antimicrobial activity of propolis extract was tested against Acinetobacter baumannii (K17, K16, and K21), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K22, and K19), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (E5, E7, and E4) bacterial strains isolated from tracheal aspirate and blood cultures. The total phenolic content and phenolic composition of the extracts were analyzed. Antimicrobial activity values examined according to the disk diffusion method were measured as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that all propolis extracts showed different inhibition values against bacterial strains. As a result, the high inhibitory potential of the propolis extracts against resistant bacteria such as A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, and S. maltophilia is promising for combating infections. However, the study needs to be supported by further randomized clinical studies.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Determination of phenolic content and bioactive characterization of Anatolian propolis
Can, Zehra; Birinci, Ceren; Kara, Yakup; Esertaş, Ülkü Zeynep Üreyen; Kolaylı, Sevgi
In this study, propolis referred to as of Türkiye Anatolian propolis was utilized. This work was aim to prepare a 70% ethanolic extract of propolis and subsequently determine certain biochemical parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), phenolic and flavonoid composition, inhibitory effects on certain enzymes [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), urease, and alpha-amylase], along with assessments of antiviral activity against Vero cells, lung cancer cells (A549), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). The richness of phenolic content in Anatolian propolis clearly indicates a high inhibitory effect on these enzymes. Additionally, it was observed to exert significant effects on cancer cells and demonstrated effective antiviral activity. It can be contemplated that the Anatolian propolis might serve as a potential source for novel drugs, and the isolation of its compounds could offer opportunities for utilization in traditional medicine.
AtıfScopus9WoS10OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of bee breads from different regions of Türkiye by chemometric analysis (PCA and HCA)
Can, Zehra; Gıdık, Betül; Kara, Yakup; Kolaylı, Sevgi
The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of bee bread samples obtained from various regions in Türkiye The goal was to characterize and classify 15 of bee bread samples based on their geographical origins. This investigation employed chemometric techniques, specifically principal component analysis (PCA) and a hierarchical clustering algorithm (HCA), for the inaugural comprehensive analysis of all data encompassing antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in bee bread. The primary objective was to unveil potential clustering patterns among of bee bread samples based on their geographical origins. According to the results, the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of bee bread samples ranged from 4.393 to 14.917 mg GAE/g dw, while the Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) exhibited variation within the range of 0.681 to 3.504 mg QE/g dw. p-OH benzoic and p-coumaric acids were detected in all samples. Other phenolic compounds were identified in different proportions among the bee bread samples. This study demonstrated the successful application of the PCA chemometric method to assess the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of bee bread samples from various regions of Türkiye. The results revealed effective clustering of the bee bread samples based on their geographical origins. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
AtıfScopus12WoS14OpenAlex16İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Molecular docking study on acetylcholinesterase and urease enzyme inhibition effects of Amygdalin
Güler, Halil Ibrahim; Kolaylı, Sevgi; Kara, Yakup; Birinci, Ceren; Can, Zehra
This study investigated that the acetylcholinesterase, urease enzyme inhibition and these enzymes molecular docking as well as antioxidant activity of commercially available amygdalin. While Amygdalin displayed effect anti-urease activity compared to acetohydroxamic acid but, anti-acetylcholine esterase activity a little ineffective compared to donepezil. The molecular docking was performed in order to check binding interactions between the amygdalin and the enzymes. DPPH and FRAP assays were preferred to determine the antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity (3.39±0.33 µmol Fe2SO47H2O /g, SC50 18.74±0.72 mg/mL using the FRAP and DPPH assays, respectively. Amygdalin's in vitro and in vivo studies are needed for demonstrated that is a therapeutic agent for the treatment of various diseases.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Characterization of the black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) honey from Türkiye
Kemal, Mehmet; Esertaş, Ülkü Zeynep Üreyen; Kanbur, Esra Demir; Kara, Yakup; Özçelik, Ali Erdem; Can, Zehra; Kolaylı, Sevgi
This case report study investigated the botanical, physicochemical, and phenolic compositions, as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of varying amounts of black cumin honey (Nigella sativa) from Burdur region of Türkiye. The samples had an average moisture value of 17.23% and a Nigella sativa pollen ratio ranging from 19% to 51%. Electrical conductivity (EC) values ranged from 0.36 to 0.54 mS/cm. The average color values of Hunter (L, a, b) were 43.55 (L*), 32.77 (a*), and 64.52 (b*), respectively. The proline contents were ranged from 875 to 1624 mg/kg. The average F/G ratio and F+G value were 1.43±0.11 and 68.75±4.75, respectively. The average of total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents were 36.87±7.00 mg GAE/100 g and 5.63±1.45 mg QUE/100 g, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of the samples were tested using the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, with mean values of 179.40±25.35 μmol FeSO4.7H2O/100 g and 46.07±12.87 mg/mL, respectively. The phenolic composition of the samples were tested using the HPLC-PDA method with 25 phenolic standards. Gallic acid, p-OH benzoic acid, t-cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, chrysin, and pinocembrin were determined as common components. The samples exhibited high antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter haemolyticus, but did not affect Candida albicans, Candida parapilopsis, or Mycobacterium smegmatis.
AtıfScopus27WoS27OpenAlex33İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3Comparison of Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Pulp and Seeds of Two Different Grapes Types (Vitis vinifera L. and Vitis labrusca L.) Grown in Anatolia: The Amount of Resveratrol of Grape Samples
Kavgacı, Merve; Yukunc, Gulsah Okumus; Keskin, Merve; Can, Zehra; Kolaylı, Sevgi
Background: Grape is the most widely cultivated fruit all over the World and it is both food and a good source of antioxidants. The fruit is rich in phytochemicals and its seed is especially a source for resveratrol, a stilbene that shows health promoting effect. Objective: In this study, phenolic profile and antioxidant properties of eight grape cultivars with two species cultivated in Turkey were compared. Isabella, Razaki, Alphonse Lavalleé, Red Globe and Emir cultivars were used. Methods: Total phenolic substance (TPS), total flavonoid substance (TFS), total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and phenolic compositions of the pulp and the seeds were determined. Phenolic composition of grapes were found by using HPLC-UV. Results: The results showed that total phenolic substances and total antioxidant capacities were richer in the seeds than in the pulps. Catechin and epicatechin are major phenolic compounds in the grape seeds, and chrysin, pinocembrin, resveratrol, luteolin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) were detected in the pulp as major. Resveratrol varied from 4.50 to 101.89 mg/100 g, while was equally in both the seed and pulp. It was found that all grape samples were rich in phenolic compounds and had antioxidant activity. Conclusion: It was clear that antioxidant capacity and phenolic profile of samples changes according to grape species and cultivars.
AtıfScopus11WoS7OpenAlex10İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ4Some Physical, Biological, Hardness, and Color Properties of Wood Impregnated with Propolis
Akçay, Çağlar; Ayata, Ümit; Birinci, Emre; Yalçın, Mesut; Kolaylı, Sevgi
Propolis is a bee product collected by honeybees from various tree species in nature. It has antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancerogenic properties. Recently, propolis has been used in wood protection area because it has antifungal properties and is a natural and environmentally friendly material. In this study, some deciduous wood species were treated with methanolic propolis extracts. Propolis solutions were prepared by dissolving propolis in methanol in concentrations of 0.5%, 2.5%, 5%, and 8%. These solutions were forced deep into the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), fir (Abies nordmanniana), and spruce (Picea orientalis L.) woodblocks under vacuum and pressure. Water uptake and water-repellent efficiencies of the woodblocks were tested at 2-, 4-, and 20-hour immersion periods. Sample blocks were tested against wood-destroying house borer (Hylotrupes bajulus) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) larvae for 21 weeks. In addition, color changes of woodblocks treated with propolis were determined. According to results obtained in the study, the highest water-repellent efficiency was 61.4% in propolis-impregnated spruce wood at concentration level of 8% during the 2-hour period. These results show that propolis extracts could be used as hydrophobic material for wood. Larvae mortality rates indicated that 8% concentration level was not adequate to overcome H. bajulus larvae or propolis is not effective against H. bajulus larvae. While L* value decreases with the increase of impregnation rate, a* and b* values increase in all wood types. As the impregnation rate increased, the total color difference also increased.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ2What Should Be the Ideal Solvent Percentage and Solvent-Propolis ratio in the Preparation of Ethanolic Propolis Extract?
Kara, Yakup; Can, Zehra; Kolaylı, Sevgi
The biological activity of propolis is mostly due to its polyphenols. Raw propolis is consumed after being extracted in various solvents, ethanol being the most commonly used. However, the ideal percentage and ratio of ethanol for use in the preparation of propolis extracts are uncertain. The aim of this study is to compare the phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of propolis extracts extracted with different ethanol concentrations and extraction conditions. Two different extraction methods were used, normal and ultrasonic extraction. The propolis extracts were evaluated in terms of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ferric reducing/antioxidant power,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and phenolic compositions using RP-HPLC–PDA. The propolis extracts with the highest activity were determined beforehand by preparing ethanol–water mixtures at different percentages, ranging from 0 to 99.9%. The most suitable propolis-to-solvent ratio was then determined. The optimum ethanolic percentage varied between 60 and 70%, the ultrasonic extraction process increased the efficiency, and the ideal solvent-propolis ratio (w/v) ranged between 1:5 and 1:10.
AtıfScopus39WoS33İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ2Applicability of Phenolic Profile Analysis Method Developed with RP-HPLC-PDA to some Bee Product
Kara, Yakup; Can, Zehra; Kolaylı, Sevgi
In this work, a reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) with photo diode array (PDA) at 4 different wavelengths (250, 280, 320 and 360) for the determination of some polyphenols in some bee products (honey, pollen, and propolis) is developed. The analyses were carried out on C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm; GL Sciences), and the gradient program was used with a mobile phase A reservoir with 70% acetonitrile and the B reservoir with 2% acetic acid. The HPLC method was founded that limit of detection was in the range 0.022-0.0908 μg/mL; the limit of quantification was in the range 0.074-0.3027 μg/mL, all calibration curves were linear R2>0.995 within the range, the recovery range was 91.43-111.37% for 10 ppm and 98.44-101.68% for 40 ppm and relative error levels 0.0330-0.0290 respectively. The developed method was applied to some bee products available on the Turkey market. The study aimed at phenolic profiles of the bee products extracts were revealed by using 25 phenolic standards. The proposed method was optimized, quickly, and simple validated by evaluating the linear range, the limits of detection and quantification, the accuracy, the precious, the repeatability, and recoveries suitable for the phenolic analysis. It is concluded that evaluated and the quantitative determination of the bee products can be made quickly and reliably with the optimized method.
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