A different conceptual relationship in the language - sense systems: the principle of directionality in the sample of old turkic

The fact of "existing in space", which is placed on the basis of human existence and sense systems, shows its effect in various forms that compose language systems. Being in the space also requires the use of various attributes of the space in thought systems; accordingly, it causes the forms of expression to occur according to spatial characteristics and to be directly dependent on the space. This result, which brings together some kind of physics and metaphor systems, has many traces on languages. Six directions such as forward/backward, down/up and right/left in the horizontal, vertical and lateral dimensions of the space organize logical relations in many linguistic fields, from grammar and word derivations to different morphological and syntactic strategies in some language units. It is understood that most of the language forms identified in the modern and historical language periods are derived from the root forms related to the above directions and it shows some metaphorical and conceptual developments. These occur within the framework of some principles that can be described as the “the principle of directionality” in the literature. In this study, various forms that developed depending on the directionality and their conceptual relations in Old Turkic, the first written period in which the development of Turkic was followed from various aspects, will be evaluated. The results of the principle of directionality, which have been put forward based on various previous studies, will be discussed and the strategies of Turkic based on the principle of directionality will be examined theoretically.