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- MakaleYalnız künye2024FROM BYTES TO JOBS: DECODING BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA'S EMPLOYMENT PUZZLE THROUGH FDI AND ICT
Arí, Yilmaz Onur; Izgí, Fatma
Bosnia and Herzegovina's transition from socialism to capitalism has led to fundamental changes in the country's economic structure, with unemployment, FDI, economic growth, and information technologies becoming critical factors in this process. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can promote economic growth and generate employment, helping to tackle unemployment through various channels. Bosnia and Herzegovina has been facing long-term unemployment for years. Thus, this study uses an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach and structural break technique to explore the impact of FDI, ICT, and growth on unemployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the period 1997-2022. The research findings indicate that FDI has a negative impact on unemployment in the long run. On the other hand, ICT has a positive impact on unemployment in the long run. Moreover, empirical findings demonstrated that there is a negative and significant relationship between growth and unemployment in the long run. This implies the validity of Okun's Law for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Furthermore, the study brings forth a crucial insight that the impacts of FDI on unemployment are not uniform and differ significantly based on the type of FDI inflows.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024FROM MONEY TRANSFERS TO MEAL TABLES: UNRAVELLING THE NEXUS OF REMITTANCES, FOOD SECURITY, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY
Ari, Yılmaz Onur; Zeneli, Fjona
The link between remittances, food security, and economic growth is a complex and important element of the economic development of the society. The study aims to explore the causality relationships between Remittances, Food Security and Economic Growth in the Turkish economy. The period of study from 1974 to 2018 and annual data of Remittances, Calories intake (as a proxy for the food security) and Economic Growth are used in the framework of time series. Techniques such as Zivot-Andrews (ZA) unit root, Toda-Yamamoto (TY), Breitung-Candelon (BCG), and Hatemi-J tests are used to detect the causality assessing the direction of it. The main findings consist of: (i) the presence of cointegration of rank two among series, the lack of linear TY time domain causality; (ii) the presence of BCG spectral causality from Calories intake to Growth only in medium period at 10% significance and, (iii) the presence of asymmetric causality from Remittances to Growth in positive changes, from Growth to Calories intake in negative changes and from Calories intake to Remittances in positive changes respectively at 1,5, and 1% significance. These results provide policymakers with valuable insights into the complexity nature of the relationship among remittances, food security, and economic growth, guiding them in designing effective strategies for poverty alleviation, sustainable development, and inclusive growth.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ2Tourism and FDI-Growth Nexus in Upper-Middle Income Countries: Evidence from Static and Dynamic Panel Analyses
Soylu, Özgür Bayram; Adeleye, Bosede Ngozi; Okur, Fatih; Emikönel, Murat
This paper examines the role of tourism in foreign direct investment-growth relations in upper-middle-income countries. We deploy static and dynamic panel analysis to evaluate how tourism indicators influence the impact of FDI net inflows on growth using unbalanced panel data on 29 upper-middle-income countries from 2010 to 2019. The tourism indicators are receipts, arrivals, and expenditures. The results from static and dynamic analyses indicate that for the most part (1) FDI and tourism exert asymmetric effects on growth, (2) tourism indicators reduce the negative effect of FDI on growth, (4) trade openness is a positive and significant predictor of growth, and (5) domestic credit negatively contributes to growth. Deductively, results evidence that tourism indicators are critical drivers of economic growth in upper-middle-income countries. Overall, tourism receipts show the largest influence on FDI to spur the most appreciable impact on growth. Despite this, the fact that tourism indicators cannot eliminate the destructive impact of FDI on economic growth shows that tourism development policies should be based on a greener and more sustainable ground, taking into account the effects of the coronavirus.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2020Scopus SJRQ1Terrorism - workers’ remittances nexus: empirical evidence from Turkey
Arİ, Yılmaz Onur; Bello, Ibrahim
The paper examines the impacts of remittances on terrorism for Turkish economy by using annual time series data covering the period of 1990-2019. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) was used in the application of econometric method. To ensure robustness of results, the study accounts for structural breaks in the unit root test and the co-integration analysis. The results obtained indicated that remittances flows to Turkey have a positive and significant effect on terrorism. This is in line with the empirical evidence that finances through remittances can promote terrorism in a country. The study also concludes that unemployment has strong a correlation in promoting terrorism in Turkish economy and that persistent unemployment can cause economic inequality, poverty, social dislocation, unrest, and conflict such as terrorism, which has a negative impact on subsequent long-run economic growth. Besides, trade openness shows a negative but significant effect, which indicates that trade openness has a little influence in promoting terrorism.
AtıfScopus2İncele - Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2020Interactive effects of remittances and financial development on Turkey's economic growth
Ari, Yilmaz Onur
Labor migration from underdeveloped and developing countries to developed countries has gained great importance, especially with the acceleration of globalization since the 1980s. The remittances that migrants earn by working in the receiving countries and send to their families have become an important tool for fighting against poverty and supporting economic growth.Migrant remittances, which are more stable than other financial sources, became a primary source of foreign exchange for supporting economic growth of developing countries by financing the current account deficit, reducing poverty, increasing consumption expenditures, and increasing household savings and investments. Remittances, which are an important financial source for developing countries, affect the economic growth in the remittance-receiving country positively or negatively. There is no consensus in the literature about the effect of remittances on economic growth.Remittances take an important place for lowering poverty and supporting economic growth because Turkey is a developing country. In this study, I analyzed a historical background of remittance flows to Turkey. By looking back at the literature, I tried to correlate Turkish remittances to Turkish financial sector development.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ3The relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth The case of Bulgaria
Can, Hamit; Korkmaz, Ozge
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth of Bulgaria. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth of Bulgaria for the period 1990-2016, based on annual data, by using the Toda-Yamamoto analysis and Autogressive Distrubuted Lag (ARDL) bound test. This period is characterized by the democratization of the Balkans and several crisis cycles in Bulgaria. Renewable energy consumption (REC, percentage of total final energy consumption), renewable electricity output (REO, percentage of total electricity output) and economic growth (GDP constant 2010 US$) were used. The levels or differences of the variables that are stationary were investigated using the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Philips-Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski-Philips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) unit root tests. Findings Three different results were obtained from this study. One showed that renewable energy consumption and renewable electricity output are the causes of economic growth. Another result of this study is that economic growth and renewable electricity output are the causes of renewable energy consumption. The last result is that economic growth and renewable energy consumption are not causes of renewable electricity output. There was no long-term relationship between variables. Originality/value This study is an original work for Bulgaria, showing the results of the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth. In line with the results of this study, renewable energy projects related to Bulgaria can be predicted.
AtıfWoS76OpenAlex99İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ2The effect of government educational expendituron labor productivity in turkish manufacturing sector; [Utjecaj vladinih rashoda za obrazovanje na produktivnost rada: Ne-linearni ardl pristup na turski proizvodni sektor]
Durmaz, Atakan; Pabuçcu, Hakan
Labor productivity is very important phenomena to maintain the sustainable economic growth. Actually, there are many studies in the economic literature about determining the factors affecting labor productivity. At this point, this study aims to investigate the relationship between labor productivity and government educational expenditure by using the data covering the period of 1971-2015 for Turkey. To this aim, it is applied linear and non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). By using the bound testing approach, the long run relationship between variables has been investigated. Both models have been applied to determine whether the relationship between variables is linear or nonlinear. An asymmetric relationship between labor productivity and government educational expenditure was determined. For this reason, nonlinear model is preferred. The empirical findings indicate that positive changes in educational expenditure has negative effect on labor productivity and negative changes in educational expenditure has positive effect on labor productivity. The long run coefficient of openness is significantly positive; the short run coefficient of it is significantly negative for all lags. On the other hand, the effect of GDP growth on the labor productivity is significantly positive in both short and long run. While the effect of average annual labor worked hours is significantly negative for the first two lags, it is significantly positive the last two lags in short run, it is positive but not significant in long run.
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