Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1The Role of Women's Labor Law and Business Freedom in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in OECD Countries
Isik, Cem; Ongan, Serdar; Isik, Olcay; Aydin, Rahman; Imamoglu, Ilyas Kays
Business freedom (FR) and women's labor law (WLL) are critical in achieving the SDGs. This research aims to test the effect of these two factors on the SDGs while also considering economic growth and energy efficiency, framing the analysis within the legal, economic, and environmental dynamics of the SDGs holistically. Fourier-augmented PANIC, cross-sectional dependence tests, panel OLS, bootstrap quantile regression, and panel Granger causality tests are applied for this aim. The OLS and bootstrap quantile regression analyses indicate that while FR negatively affects SDG at lower quantiles, these effects turn positive in higher quantiles. This can mean that in countries with high institutional quality, the freedom to do business becomes a tool for supporting sustainable economic development. The WLL has positive effects on SDGs in all quantiles except the 20th quantile. This result clearly shows the decisive role of women's labor rights and legal protections in driving sustainable development. The Granger causality test also supports these results: FR and WLL have a positive Granger causality effect on the SDGs. Additionally, while GDP positively affects SDGs in all quantiles, renewable energy efficiency negatively affects SDGs at low quantiles and has a positive impact at higher quantiles.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1The Role of Women's Entrepreneurship, Unemployment, Global Warming, and Technology in Sustainable Development: Evidence From OECD Countries
Isik, Cem; Ongan, Serdar; Günlü, Ebru; Aydin, Rahman; Imamoglu, Ilyas Kays
This study examines the effects of women's entrepreneurship, global warming, technological advancements, and unemployment on the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) across 38 OECD countries. Using country-specific panel causality methods, the analysis reveals significant asymmetries between developed and developing economies. Women's entrepreneurship (FEM) and technology (TEC) demonstrate stronger positive effects in developing countries such as Mexico, Slovakia, and Costa Rica, supporting SDGs 5 and 9. Global warming (SUR) negatively affects both groups, with notable impacts in Belgium, Mexico, and the UK, emphasizing the urgency of SDG 13. Unemployment (UNM) poses greater threats to sustainable development in emerging economies-particularly in Turkey and Latin American nations-while its influence remains limited in advanced countries. These results underscore the heterogeneous nature of SDG progress and suggest that universal, one-size-fits-all policies may fall short. Instead, national strategies should strengthen gender-inclusive entrepreneurship and innovation, while mitigating climate risks and labor market vulnerabilities. This paper presents a novel, multidimensional econometric framework and offers original insights into how interlinked economic, social, and environmental factors influence sustainability outcomes across diverse national contexts.
AtıfScopus23WoS18OpenAlex21İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Food Price Bubbles: Food Price Indices of Turkey, the FAO, the OECD, and the IMF
Akyol Özcan, Kübra
Food price bubbles are a phenomenon in which the cost of some food items or food commodities climbs quickly and unreasonably before collapsing due to reasons such as speculation, supply and demand imbalances, meteorological occurrences, and governmental actions. Governments and academics keep an eye on food prices to spot and address these bubbles. The aim of this paper is to analyze the food price bubble phenomenon despite the global slowdown by examining its origins, consequences, and policy solutions. The study’s contribution lies in its investigation of the presence of a potential bubble formation in food prices, which have experienced a surge globally and particularly in Turkey in recent years. The research examines the behavior of bubble formation in food prices in Turkey, the FAO, the OECD, and the IMF between 1992 and 2022 using the ADF, SADF, and GSADF tests. These tests can help identify when asset prices deviate significantly from their fundamental values and may be at risk of a sharp correction. The TUR, FAO, OECD, and IMF variables all show distinct bubble formations, with the TUR variable having 130 periods from 1995 to 2006, the FAO having 8 price bubble occurrences, the OECD having 12 different bubble formations, and the IMF having 4 distinct bubble formations. The results indicate the existence of food price bubbles that demonstrate disparities from their inherent values grounded in market fundamentals.
AtıfScopus2WoS2OpenAlex2İncele