Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ4/r/bayburt/13149
  New moving frames for the curves lying on a surface

  Alkan, Akın; Hüseyin, Kocayi̇Ği̇T; Ağirman Aydin, Tuba

  In this article, three new orthogonal frames are defined for the curves lying on a surface. These moving frames, obtained based on the Darboux frame, are called “Osculator Darboux Frame”, “Normal Darboux Frame” and “Rectifying Darboux Frame”, respectively. Also, the Osculator Darboux Frame components and curvatures are calculated for a presented example. Cite this article as: Alkan A, Kocayiğit H, Ağırman Aydın T. New moving frames for the curves lying on a surface. Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2024;42(4):1023−1029. Copyright 2021, Yıldız Technical University.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2022/r/bayburt/11588
  Investigation of the effect of current density and PH on oil and grease removal from leather industry wastewaters by electrocoagulation method

  Bi̇Ngül Reçber, Züleyha; Ekmekyapar Torun, Fatma; Kul, Sinan; İRdemez, Şahset

  In this study, the effects of pH and current density on the removal of high concentrations of oil and grease in leather industry wastewater by the electrocoagulation method were investigated. Two different types of electrodes were used in the study. Studies with aluminum electrodes have shown that these electrodes are more effective than iron electrodes in removing oil and grease. In addition, aluminum electrodes are affected more by the system pH than iron electrodes. Studies have shown that higher oil and grease removal efficiencies are obtained below pH 4 for both electrodes. While the oil and grease removal efficiency with Al electrodes is 95% at pH 2, this value decreases to 83% at pH 6. In Fe electrodes, while the removal efficiency is 87.83% at pH 2, it decreases to 83% at pH 6. The effect of current density on oil and grease removal was examined and it was observed that the removal efficiency remained constant above a certain current density in aluminum electrodes. While the efficiency of Al electrodes is 83.31% at 0.6 mA cm-2 current density, this value has increased to about 98% at 1.2, 1.8, and 2.4 mA cm-2 current densities. In Fe electrodes, the oil and grease removal efficiency is 82.66% at 0.6 mA cm-2 current density, while it is 90% at 1.2 and 1.8 mA cm-2 current densities and 98% at 2.4 mA cm-2. These results show that the electrocoagulation process removes the oil and grease in wastewater at a high rate. This shows that this process can also be used as pre-treatment before the biological treatment of industrial wastewater with high oil and grease content. Copyright 2021, Yıldız Technical University.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2020/r/bayburt/13475
  THE INVESTIGATION OF FLOW RATE EFFECT ON LEACHATE TREATMENT BY ELECTROOXIDATION PROCESS

  Yilmaz, Alper Erdem; Dede Sağsöz, Yeşim; Sakarya, Merve; Cengız, İbrahim

  In the study, the leachate of the Erzurum Municipality Solid Waste Regular Storage Facility was used. Leaching waters formed in solid waste storage areas and the contents depend on rainfall and the characteristics of the stored waste. The leachate includes a high amount of organic matter it contains, nitrogenous substances, heavy metals, high salinity; it causes pollution of underground and surface receiving environments. Therefore leachate must be treated before being discharged. For this purpose, an electrooxidation process was used for the treatment of leachate. The effect of the flow rate change on the treatment efficiency in the continuous electrooxidation process is investigated. The flow rate was selected as 5, 7.5, and 10 ml/min. The constant current of 20 A was applied with a direct current intensity supply (40 V-250 A) in 600 ml. In the reactor (600 ml) at a constant current of 20 A, the effluent water temperature increased from 15 °C to 31 °C while the pH value was reduced to a value of 8.2 to 4.8. At the constant current of 20 A, approximately 90% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was obtained at a flow rate of 5 ml/min, which is the best removal efficiency obtained from flow rate experiments. It is seen from the same study results that the energy consumption value is 55 kWh/m3 at 20 A current and 5 ml/min flow rate. As a result, the electrooxidation process can be used for the treatment of leachate, especially for organic matter removal.

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• BildiriYalnız künye2020/r/bayburt/13393
  A TRENDLINE ANALYSIS FOR HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA OF OECD MEMBERS

  Atalan, Abdulkadir; Çinar, Zeliha; Çinar, Mehmet

  The aim of this study was to predict the per capita health expenditures (HE PC) of OECD countries for the future. Datasets were used to evaluate the accuracy of HE PC estimation of OECD members from 2000 to 2017 shared online by OECD DATA in this study. Forecasting calculations about HE PC cover the years 2018-2025. Estimation series method derived by trend-line equations was used to make any predictions for the future years in the methodology part of the present research. A trend line analysis by generating one linear equation and seven non-linear equations was carried out within this study. The minimum value of the amount of the HE PC was counted as $3,930.13 with the 4th order equation for the year 2018 and the highest amount was calculated as $5,760.47 for the year 2025 with the equation of exponential distribution. The average amount of the HE PC was calculated as $4,616.62 which can be argued as a decrease in the budget allocated for the HE PC. The minimization of the standard error of the mean level was the secondary goal of the work in order to ensure that the results obtained for estimation were consistent with the data used. Predictive equations for HE PC values were found to be suitable for use as a consistent analysis tool for future outcomes. It can be emphasized that there is no drawback in the use of estimation equations for other indicators in the field of healthcare, as only the use for HE PC was verified in this study.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2020/r/bayburt/13331
  DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF HISTORICAL BAYBURT GRAND MOSQUE

  Yurdakul, Muhammet; Yilmaz, Fatih; Artar, Musa

  In this study, the locations of the damages that would occur when a historical building was exposed to different earthquakes were determined. The selected building is Bayburt Ulu Mosque located in the city center of Bayburt and it was built by the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan II. Gıyaseddin. This selected historical building is modelled according to the macro modelling technique in the SAP2000 program using the finite element method. Modules of elasticity, poisson's ratio and weight per unit of volume of Bayburt Stone which is used in the mosque are determined by the experiment. Also, the properties of the ground on which the building was built are determined. As earthquake records which recorded on similar grounds, components of DZC180 and DZC270 of 17 August 1999 Kocaeli earthquake, components BOL000 and BOL090 of 12 November 1999 Düzce earthquake and components of ERZE-EW and ERZE-NS of 13 March 1999 Erzincan earthquake are used. In the results of the dynamic analysis made, quantities and locations of the strains that can occur in the historic mosque are determined.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2020/r/bayburt/13318
  MODELING OF BOOST AND CUK CONVERTERS AND COMPARISON OF THEIR PERFORMANCE IN MPPT

  Güngör, Okan; Yüksek, Halil İbrahim

  The efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panel systems depends on the structure of the photovoltaic cells and the transfer of energy from the PV panel to load. The focus of this study is energy transfer. The most important component in the energy transfer is maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The MPPT consists of two components: the algorithm for calculation the maximum power and the hardware for power generating. This study investigates how some the DC-DC converters (hardware) impact on the performance of the MPPT under six different environmental conditions by using two different duty cycle calculation methods. Contribution of this study to the literatüre is to analyze the performance of some the DC-DC converters in MPPT by completely eliminating the effect of MPPT algorithms. As a result of this study, while using the Boost converter in MPPT applications, the internal resistance of the PV panel must be equal or smaller than load resistance. However, the Cuk converter can reach to maximum power point in all conditions such as temperature, radiation and load.

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• BildiriYalnız künye2020/r/bayburt/13302
  INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VISCOUS DAMPERS CONNECTED TO ADJACENT BUILDINGS ON DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR UNDER SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS

  Hatıpoğlu, Yavuz Selim; Düzgün, Oğuz Akın

  In this study, the dynamic behavior of two adjacent structures with fluid viscous damper (FVD) was investigated under the influence of earthquake and considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). Adjacent structures with FVD’s were analysed for three different soil types. The modelling and analysis were made in two-dimensional (2D) space by using ANSYS package program. Viscous boundary conditions were used on the boundaries of 2D soil model. The analyses results were obtained in terms of displacement, acceleration, and shear force. The effect of FVD was investigated using different connection types. The damping coefficient of FVD’s was assumed constant in all analyses. When the results of the analysis are examined, it can be seen that FVD’s are effective for seismic response. However, it is necessary to consider the soil-structure interaction. Significant different structural results were obtained between fixed support and three different soil types. For example, in the same model, while the top floor displacement may reduce in Soil Type I, the top floor displacement may increase in Soil Type II. At the end of the study, it was seen that there was no need to connect the FVD to all floors. It was found sufficient to connect a fluid viscous damper only to the top floor (1 FVD) or to the top and middle floor (2 FVD). FVD’s have no effect on buildings with the similar dynamic character. In the analysis for seismic control of adjacent buildings, the effect of soil-structure interaction should certainly be taken into account.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2018/r/bayburt/14082
  THE MOST APPROPRIATE EARTHQUAKE RECORD GROUPS FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A BUILDING

  Atmaca, Barbaros; Ergun, Mustafa; Ates, Sevket

  In this paper, seven real earthquake records are scaled according to Eurocode 8 design acceleration spectrum by using SESCAP (Selection and Scaling Program). SESCAP is a scaling program based on time domain scaling method and developed by using MATLAB, GUI software. Real and scaled earthquake records are used for linear time history analyses of a six-storied reinforced concrete building modeled as spatial by SAP2000. Eurocode 8 allows the use of real earthquake records for linear and nonlinear time history analyses of structures. In the case of using three earthquake records in linear and nonlinear time history analyses, maximum results of structural responses are used for design of structures. If at least seven time history analyses are performed, the mean responses of the structures are taken into account rather than the maximum results. For the selection of maximum results of structural response from thirty five groups are created by calculating combination of threes of seven real and scaled earthquake records, and another group including all of the seven real and scaled earthquake records are created for selection of mean. Relative floor displacements along X axis of the building are preferred as structural response of the building in this study. It is seen that differences between mean value and maximum value of the relative floor displacements along X axis of the building induced by seven and three scaled earthquake records respectively are less than ones obtained from real earthquake records.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2018/r/bayburt/14179
  THE GENERAL SOLUTION OF A LAYERED MEDIUM RESTING ON A RIGID FOUNDATION

  Adiyaman, Gokhan; Öner, Erdal; Birinci, Ahmet

  In this study, the general solution of a receding contact problem of layered medium resting on rigid foundation is considered. The layered medium consists of N homogeneous layer with varying material properties and heights. The contact surfaces can be receding or attached. The problem may include M receding contact surfaces. The layered medium is loaded with n concentrated loads transmitted by circular stamps and r distributed loads. The problem is reduced to integral equation system using elasticity theory and Fourier integral transform. The numerical solution of the system is done by using Matlab. A program is written to solve the problem given by the user with any geometry and loading. The program is tested with two studies from the literature and it was shown that the results are compatible.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2016/r/bayburt/14109
  ANALYSIS OF A LONG STRIP CONTAINING AN INTERNAL OR EDGE CRACK USING FEM

  Yaylaci, Murat; Birinci, Ahmet; Adiyaman, Gokhan; Öner, Erdal

  This paper presents the elastostatic plane problem of a long strip containing an internal or edge crack perpendicular to its boundaries. The plane problem consists of an infinitely long strip of thickness h. The infinitely long strip is loaded by uniformly distributed load and rests on two simple supports. It is assumed that the effect of gravity is neglected. The finite element model of the problem is constituted using ANSYS software and the two dimensional analysis of the problem is carried out. Normalized stress-intensity factors for the cases with internal and edge crack, and normal stress (sigma(x)) for uncracked layer case are obtained for various dimensionless quantities. Finally, the results obtained from the finite element analysis are verified by comparing with analytical ones and it is seen that the results from finite element analysis indicate a good agreement with the analytical solution.

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