Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ4Some Physical, Biological, Hardness, and Color Properties of Wood Impregnated with Propolis
Akçay, Çağlar; Ayata, Ümit; Birinci, Emre; Yalçın, Mesut; Kolaylı, Sevgi
Propolis is a bee product collected by honeybees from various tree species in nature. It has antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancerogenic properties. Recently, propolis has been used in wood protection area because it has antifungal properties and is a natural and environmentally friendly material. In this study, some deciduous wood species were treated with methanolic propolis extracts. Propolis solutions were prepared by dissolving propolis in methanol in concentrations of 0.5%, 2.5%, 5%, and 8%. These solutions were forced deep into the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), fir (Abies nordmanniana), and spruce (Picea orientalis L.) woodblocks under vacuum and pressure. Water uptake and water-repellent efficiencies of the woodblocks were tested at 2-, 4-, and 20-hour immersion periods. Sample blocks were tested against wood-destroying house borer (Hylotrupes bajulus) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) larvae for 21 weeks. In addition, color changes of woodblocks treated with propolis were determined. According to results obtained in the study, the highest water-repellent efficiency was 61.4% in propolis-impregnated spruce wood at concentration level of 8% during the 2-hour period. These results show that propolis extracts could be used as hydrophobic material for wood. Larvae mortality rates indicated that 8% concentration level was not adequate to overcome H. bajulus larvae or propolis is not effective against H. bajulus larvae. While L* value decreases with the increase of impregnation rate, a* and b* values increase in all wood types. As the impregnation rate increased, the total color difference also increased.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ1Effect of fly ash and silica fume on hardened properties of foam concrete
Gökçe, H. Süleyman; Hatungimana, Daniel; Ramyar, Kambiz
In this study, the effects of foam content as well as fly ash and silica fume inclusion on some physical and mechanical properties of foam concrete, subjected to various curing regimes, were researched. Totally, forty-five series of foam concrete mixtures were prepared at three replacement levels of fly ash and silica fume (0, 10 and 20%, by weight of cement), at three foam contents (0, 31 and 47%, by volume) and at three curing regimes (7- and 28-day standard water curing and autoclave curing). Density, water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity values of the mixtures were determined on prismatic specimens with dimensions of 40 × 40 × 160 mm. The density (oven dry), water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity results of the foam concrete were found to be between 873–1998 kg/m3, 3.5–35.9%, 1.5–88.1 MPa and, 0.239–0.942 W/m.K, respectively. A balanced benefit with regard to both compressive strength and water absorption of foam concrete was found in the mix with density of 1320 kg/m3. Particularly in the mixtures having high foam content, silica fume introduction resulted in superior compressive strength values and greater compressive strength/thermal conductivity ratios than fly ash introduction.
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