Silver nanoparticle synthesis by biogenic reduction method and investigation of antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anticancer activities

In this study, R. aculeatus plant extract and biogenically formed AgNPs were investigated for their potential antibacterial, antibiofilm and anticancer abilities. AgNPs were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-VIS). According to the Debye Scherrer formula, the particle size was found to be 32.56 nm. Disc diffusion and microdilution methods were used to investigate the antibacterial activity. In the disc diffusion study, the best results were obtained from the extract and AgNP. In the tests using plant extracts, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 showed the lowest antibiofilm activity, while Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 showed the highest activity. Salmonella infantis was most affected by AgNP, while Escherichia coli CFAI ATCC 25922 was least affected. Biogenically synthesised AgNPs were also investigated in cytotoxic activity studies. It was found to have the lowest concentration value on MCF-7 and HUVEC cell lines at the determined concentrations. The extract did not have any cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell line. HUVEC cell line showed the lowest cytotoxic activity of 10⁻³ g/mL. The antibacterial, antibiofilm and anticancer properties of R. aculeatus plant extract and biogenically produced AgNPs have been the subject of an important study. Furthermore, the comparison of the effects of plant extract and AgNPs on breast cancer cell lines and healthy cell lines provides a rich scientific material.