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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2
    Eccentric Isokinetic Rehabilitation for Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis in Female Swimmers: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Bilateral Neuromuscular Adaptations and Functional Performance

    Dhahbi, Wissem; Ghouili, Hatem; Ceylan, Halil İbrahim; Adhadhi, Nessrine; Bchini, Souhail; Bessifi, Manel; Ceylan, Nagihan Burçak; Stefanica, Valentina; Ouerghi, Nejmeddine; Hammami, Nadhir

    Background and Objectives: This study investigated the efficacy of eccentric isokinetic muscle strengthening versus passive motion protocols on neuromuscular function and performance capacity in female swimmers with chronic lateral epicondylitis. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five swimmers (age 46.1 ± 3.1 years) with lateral epicondylitis exceeding three months’ duration completed a randomized controlled trial comparing eccentric training in Controlled Active Motion mode (experimental group (EG), n = 13) against passive motion in Continuous Passive Motion mode (control group (CG), n = 12). Both groups performed 18 supervised sessions over six weeks (60°/s angular velocity, progressive loading 1–12 sets × 5 repetitions). Bilateral concentric peak torque of elbow extensors and flexors constituted the primary outcomes. Secondary measures included push-up performance, explosive power assessed by the Seated Medicine Ball Chest Push Test, and goniometric range of motion. Linear mixed-effects models and analysis of covariance with baseline adjustment were employed. Results: Eccentric training produced side-specific strength adaptations in elbow flexors (confirmed interaction: F1,23 = 8.56, p = 0.008, ηp2 = 0.271), with the experimental group demonstrating balanced bilateral gains, whereas the control group exhibited asymmetric responses favoring the non-dominant limb. EG demonstrated superior functional gains: push-up repetitions increased 4.15 ± 1.77 versus 2.17 ± 1.27 in CG (adjusted difference = 3.21 repetitions, 95% CI [1.52, 4.90], p = 0.001, d = 1.31), while explosive power improved 0.32 ± 0.09 m versus 0.10 ± 0.06 m (adjusted difference = 0.35 m, 95% CI [0.25, 0.45], p < 0.001, d = 1.20). Range of motion remained unchanged across groups (all p > 0.65). Conclusions: Eccentric isokinetic strengthening confers substantial advantages over passive motion protocols for restoring upper-body muscular endurance and ballistic force production in swimmers with lateral epicondylitis, supporting its integration into rehabilitation frameworks for the management of tendinopathy.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    AtıfScopus2WoS1OpenAlex4
    ScopusWeb of SciencePubMedİncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1
    Upper extremity muscle thickness and grip strength following a boccia-based intervention in hemiparetic individuals

    Hazar, Emre Berk; Güder, Betul Canbolat; Hazar, Kursat; Gök, Umut Diyar; Alkhamees, Nouf H.; Ibrahim, Zizi M.; Al-Mhanna, Sameer Badri; Batrakoulis, Alexios

    Introduction The global prevalence of stroke is increasing, highlighting the critical importance of effective post-stroke rehabilitation. Although boccia was originally designed for individuals with special needs, its potential benefits for stroke rehabilitation, particularly regarding task-related changes in ultrasound-observed muscle characteristics, have not been thoroughly investigated. Purpose This study aimed to examine the association of an 8-week boccia-based intervention with changes in upper extremity muscle thickness and grip strength in individuals with hemiparesis following stroke. Methods A total of 22 stroke survivors were randomly allocated to a boccia group (Boc, n = 12) or a control group (Ctrl, n = 10). While the control group received conventional physical therapy for eight weeks, the boccia group participated in both physical therapy and boccia-based intervention three times per week. Upper extremity muscle thickness and grip strength were assessed before and after the intervention. Results In the control group, a significant increase was observed only in the triceps brachii muscle thickness. In contrast, the boccia group demonstrated statistically detectable increases in forearm muscles (flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, pronator teres, and brachioradialis), triceps brachii muscle thickness, and grip strength. Conclusion Incorporating boccia-based intervention into the rehabilitation programs of individuals with hemiparesis after stroke may be associated with broader upper extremity muscle involvement and concurrent improvements in grip strength. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    AtıfScopus3WoS3OpenAlex2
    ScopusWeb of SciencePubMedİncele