Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4The Armenia-Georgia War of 1918 in the Context of the Resolution of the Border Dispute by Force
Sadik, Ramin
Seizing the opportunity created by the revolutions in Russia, the three South Caucasian peoples declared their independence in 1918 and wanted to be part of the new order after World War I. At the same time, they engaged in an intense debate about their livingspace and the disputed borders between them. Azerbaijan followed a more restrained policy than the other two and favoured a negotiated settlement of the conflicts. Meanwhile, Georgia and Armenia went to war over the border dispute between them, and the region witnessed bloody confrontations for this reason. The dream of 'Greater Armenia' of the Dashnak Party, which is in power in Armenia, has been the main cause of the conflicts in the region. Dashnak's unending ambitions, its territorial claims against both neighbours and its preference for an armed rather than a political solution turned it into the main perpetrator of the turmoil. Consequently, the Armenian leadership's provocative actions against Georgia led to a fierce war between the two countries in December 1918. The war, which continued for three weeks, was halted by the intervention of Britain and France and ended with a peace treaty. This study focuses on the wars that took place between Armenia and Georgia in 1918. Within the scope of the study, the documents ofthe Georgian Central Historical Archive were examined, news, comments and analyses in the Georgian, Russian and Azerbaijani press of the period were meticulously scanned, and memoirs were examined. At the same time, as a result of reading, collating and evaluating the second-hand sources written on the subject, the study has been transformed into an original academic article.
- MakaleYalnız künye2022THE NEXUS BETWEEN SOCIAL UNREST AND MIGRANT REMITTANCES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM GEORGIA
Ari, Yilmaz Onur; Koç, Umit
The paper examines the social unrest and migrant remittances relationship for Georgia using monthly time series data covering January 2007- July 2019. The Granger Causality Test was employed in the application of the econometric technique. Frequency domain causality test was also used in order to empower the findings of the study. The empirical findings showed that there is a bidirectional causality between the reported social unrest index (RSUI) and the remittance inflow to Georgia. Besides, frequency domain causality test results indicated that RSUI was the Granger cause of remittance inflow in the medium term (7-10 months), while remittance inflow was the Granger cause of RSUI in the short term (2-6 months). Social unrest comprises protests based on basic economic needs such as food, gas, electricity etc. Therefore, social unrest can be a supportive factor of remittances inflow to Georgia. This is in line with the view that remittances sent by Georgian immigrants to their families in Georgia are used for consumption rather than investments. On the other hand, remittances can be a determinant of social unrest for Georgia because the existence of separatist movements in Abkhazia and former South Ossetia can be interpreted as remittances can be an important source to fund these movements.
