Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ4Evaluating Large Language Models in Turkish Short Answer Scoring: Validity, Reliability, and Fairness Perspectives
Kara, Abdulkadir; Yıldırım, Serkan
This study examines the performance of large language models (LLMs) in Turkish short-answer assessments within the measurement and evaluation theory framework. The GPT, Gemini, Gemma, and LLaMA models were evaluated under zero-shot and one-shot conditions with rubric support. The results show that LLMs have high self-consistency, but decision reliability can vary depending on prompt format and example sensitivity. Formulating rubrics with clear and concrete performance indicators increases model-human alignment and assessment fairness. Furthermore, error analyses revealed that while models often exhibit systematic low-scoring tendencies, they also display an ‘inverted-U’ error pattern, showing higher reliability at score extremes but struggling significantly with evaluating partial knowledge (intermediate scores). The results indicate that LLMs can support teachers in formative assessment when properly structured rubrics are used, but ethical oversight and pedagogical responsibility remain indispensable in final decisions.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3From black box to pedagogical partner: Students’ sense-making of LLM-based automated assessment
Kara, Abdulkadir; Yıldırım, Serkan
While current educational research on automated assessment heavily emphasizes technical validity, a significant gap remains in understanding students’ sustained, real-world experiences with these systems in authentic learning environments. This study examines students’ experiences with a large language model-based automated assessment system embedded in the regular flow of a university course. The study employed a mixed-methods design with 47 university students over a seven-week period. Quantitative data were obtained from system interaction logs and student feedback ratings, while qualitative data were collected from focus group interviews with 24 students and 175 written feedback responses. The results reveal that students perceive the LLM-based assessment system as a learning assistant, an impartial evaluator, and a self-assessment tool. The transparency of explanations was identified as a decisive factor in building trust in the algorithmic system by helping students understand the rationale behind scores and feedback. Sustained interaction with the system triggered a shift from high-frequency trial and error to more efficient and strategic participation, indicating that the assessment criteria were gradually internalized. The system appeared to create an environment free from perceived social judgment, providing favorable conditions for productive failure, repeated attempts, and self-directed revision. Overall, the study demonstrates that artificial intelligence can be positioned as a tool that scales pedagogical intent without replacing the teacher and can be effectively integrated within the framework of human–AI complementarity in higher education.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2Eugenol alleviates the negative effects of experimental periodontitis and regulates adipokine hormones in rats
Sevinç Gül, Sema Nur; Özkal Eminoğlu, Didem; Tekçe, Emre; Bayraktar, Bülent; Güven, Leyla; Dilsiz, Alparslan; Yıldırım, Serkan; Sait, Ahmet
A chronic microbial infection that is mediated by the host's immune system is the cause of periodontal disease. As the world's population grows, phytotherapy is a therapeutic strategy that makes use of a renewable resource that can provide less costly medicines. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of eugenol administration on periodontitis by examining the effects of eugenol at different doses biochemically, histopathologically, and radiologically in rats with experimental periodontitis. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into four groups: 1. the healthy control group (CG), 2. The experimental periodontitis group (PG), 3. The experimental periodontitis+10 mg/kg eugenol group (EG10), and 4. the experimental periodontitis+20 mg/kg eugenol group (EG20). Alveolar bone loss was measured using micro-CT imaging. The TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, asprosin, and apelin levels were analyzed in the serum samples of rats. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The data were analyzed statistically. The serum TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, asprosin, and apelin levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in the eugenol-applied groups (EG10 and EG20) than in the PG (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, asprosin, and apelin levels between the EG10 and EG20 (p < 0.05). In the measurements made using micro-CT imaging, alveolar bone loss was found to be at the lowest FR1 level, and in histopathological analysis, the least inflammation was observed in the EG20. It was concluded that the application of 20 mg/kg eugenol in rats with experimental periodontitis was a safe dose, was beneficial in alleviating bone loss, and had a positive effect on the healing process.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Sanal Gerçeklik Teknolojilerinin Ortaokulda Kullanım ve Tercih Durumlarının Belirlenmesi
Yıldırım, Gürkan; Yıldırım, Serkan
Sanal gerçeklik (SG) teknolojileri bilgisayar tarafından üretilen üç boyutlu gerçekçi bir simülasyon deneyimi olarak tanımlanabilir. Günlük hayatın içindeki yerini almaya başlamış bu teknolojilerin öğretimsüreçlerindeki etkilerininincelenmesi ve muhtemel kullanım tercihlerinin belirlenmesi önemli görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda mevcut araştırma kapsamında gelecekte bu teknolojiyi kullanacak olan ortaokul öğrencilerinin SGteknolojilerinin kullanımsüreçlerineve kullanım tercihlerine yönelik görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması tercih edilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu amaca uygun olarak seçilen 10 erkek 19 kız olmak üzere toplam 29 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılartarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiş vegörüşler belirlenen kod ve kategoriler altında toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında SGteknolojilerinin ortaokul düzeyinde yüksek düzeyde tanındığı ancak kullanım açısından yeterince tecrübe edilmediği görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra SGteknolojilerinin özellikle eğlence ve eğitim amaçlı kullanılmak istendiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca eğitsel amaçlı SGkullanımında özellikle bilişim teknolojileri, fen bilimleri ve sosyal bilgiler alanlarında etkili olabileceğinin düşünüldüğü görülmüştür. Bu derslerin seçilmesinde özellikle somut öğrenme yaşantıları geliştirilmesi ihtiyacının önemli bir etkisinin olduğu söylenebilir. Buna ek olarak SGteknolojilerinin etkili ve eğlenceliöğrenme yaşantıları geliştirmede önemli olabileceği söylenebilir.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2016Scopus SJRQ3The effect of digital badges specialization level of the subject on the achievement, satisfaction and motivation levels of the students
Yıldırım, Serkan; Kaban, Abdullatif; Yıldırım, Gürkan; Çelik, Embiya
Digital badges are the components demonstrating competency and knowledge of the learners. The use of digital badges used to reflect the skills of learners is becoming increasingly widespread in the teaching environments. In addition, these badges are starting to take their places among documents such as certificates and diplomas. In this study, the relationship between digital badges rated in accordance with specialization levels of the same subject and achievement, satisfaction and motivation levels of the students has been investigated. In addition, the relationship between learning styles of the students participating in the study and their academic achievement and satisfaction levels were also presented. In this study, in which proximal parallel pattern of mixed research methods was used, quantitative and qualitative data were reviewed together. The sample of study consists of junior students of Ataturk University, Kazım Karabekir Education Faculty. 13-week study was conducted with a total of 51 participants including 26 female and 25 male students. The data of the study were obtained by academic achievement form, Kolb's learning style inventory III and semi-structured interview form. According to the results of study, it has been seen that digital badges improve academic achievement, students' motivation to learn, attendance to lesson and satisfaction of the students. They also motivate students to make them ready for class, show level of the learners, provide the possibility of self and peer-assessment and they can be also used to demonstrate the level of competence and achievement along with some other documents such as diploma or certificate. As a result, digital badges can be used to better organize the learning process and make students more active learners.
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