Abd Al-Rahmân al-Jâmî’s Thought of Ahl al-Bayt and Some of His Views on Ahl al-Bayt’s Relation with the Umayyads in the Context of His Book Shawâhid al-Nubuwwah

Abd al-Rahmân Jâmî (d. 898/1492) is accepted as one of the important figures of Islamic thought tradition. Along with the books he has written about kalam (Islamic theology), philosophy, Arabic grammar and manâkib (sufi anecdotes), his Dîvân, consisting of Arabic and Persian mesnevis, has become one of the essential classics of Islamic thought. In addition to the classical education he received, his adoption of Naqshbandi Order with the thought of Ibn Arabî enabled the traces of the Sufi tradition along with the theological, philosophical and linguistic approaches in his works. In this context, Jâmî stands out as a scholar who tried to make a synthesis of the Akbarî and Naqshibandi understanding within the Eş'arî tradition. This study aims to reveal the conception of Jami, who is a Sunni mutakallim (theologist) and poet, about Ahl al-Bayt and political relations of the Umayyad period from his work titled Shawahid al-Nubuvvah. Especially the time that Jâmî lived was a period when the religious policy of the Timurids period varied between Sunnism and Shiism. In this context, the government's pursuit of different religious policies could not ease sectarian tensions and prevent social debates and quarrels. Especially the Shia groups' desire to build the theory of "imamate" and "holy dynasty" over the spiritual authority of Ahl-i Bayt drew these debates to the center of conception of Ahl al-Bayt. The conception of “Ahl al-Bayt”, which Shiites put forward in the axis of the concepts of "ismah/innocence" and "vasiyah/testament", turned into a political and religious argument in time; It created a historical conception that excludes the majority of the Companions (Sahâbah), especially al-Hulafâ al-Râshidûn. Against these claims, Jâmî tried to reinterpret the virtues and manâkib of Ahl al-Bayt, contrary to the claims of the Shiites, and sought the opportunity to come up with a common view of Ahl al-Bayt between the two sects. Against these claims, Câmî tried to subject the virtue and menakib of Ahl al-Bayt to a new interpretation contrary to the Shiites' claims, and sought the possibility of establishing a common conception “Ahl al-Bayt” between the two sects