Hasanov, Behram

This article analyzes three sociology of religion textbooks commonly taught in the faculties of Theology and Islamic Sciences in Turkey through content analysis to examine how the relationship between sociological analysis and theological arguments is established in these works and to what extent this relationship overlaps with the scientific framework of sociology of religion. The study finds that apologetic tendencies towards Islam are common in these textbooks and that the boundaries between sociological analysis and theological arguments are blurred. The study analyzes two prominent themes in the textbooks: (1) constructing a positive narrative of Islam and (2) advocacy based on sacred and academic authorities. The first theme emphasized that Islam is compatible with contemporary values and emphasized positive examples of Islam and avoided negative or controversial examples. At the same time, it was also found that Muslim societies advocated against the association of negative examples with Islam and emphasized the positive aspects of Islam in comparison with other religions. Within the framework of the second theme, it was determined that the defense of Islam was based on sacred texts and positive evaluations of Western social scientists. Instead of empirical data and sociological methods, direct reference was made to sacred texts, and the positive views of Western social scientists on Islam were selectively conveyed. As a result, the textbooks examined violate the methodological principles of sociology and produce a religious defense discourse. The study emphasizes that the sociology of religion literature in T & uuml;rkiye should be re-evaluated based on scientific objectivity.

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Öztürk, Nuran K. I. Z. M. A. Z.

In this study, the role and function of z & ecirc;w, which we can title carnival, festivity, or festival in Southeastern Anatolia, in the construction of solidarity and integration in society is referred to. At the same time, the socio-cultural meaning of z & ecirc;w and what it socially produces are examined. Individuals come to their ancestral lands and organize festivities and feasts around the graves in unity and solidarity. While these events are held without conflict between different tribes and villages, they carry important functions that strengthen solidarity and integration in society. In the region, z & ecirc;ws are among the most important events for the allocation and production of solidarity, integrity, and unity by society. In our research, the events around the tombs in Turabdin, an ancient and sacred region in Southeastern Anatolia, will be handled. Around the phenomenon of visitation, which can be viewed as an extension of folk religiosity, rituals are performed that indicate both a spiritual connection with the sacred and a collective entertainment culture on the social plane. Numerous sacred rites, including ancestral recollection, spiritual fulfilment, prayer, sacrifice, and wish-making, are carried out during Z & ecirc;w festivities. Additionally, during the z & ecirc;w, potlac-style feasts are organized. The events organized during Z & ecirc;w, such forms of entertainment shaped by the local culture of the region as the javelin game, the mit & imath;rps' music, and the kilometers-long Anatolian folklore dance culture also exhibit a syncretic aspect in the same place. In this study, Seyyid Bilal and Sheikh Hasan, the most famous of z & ecirc;w festivals held on different dates and places, will be covered. Z & ecirc;ws' historical, cultural, socio-psychological, political, and economic functions in the region have been put forward. In this context, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 participants and the results were analysed. In the conclusion, the data obtained will be discussed by dealing with ritual, symbol and belief.

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