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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1A NIKOM-Based Conceptual Framework for Spiritual Counseling Services in Turkey: Toward an Intervention Model
Çinici, Murat
Spiritual counseling has expanded rapidly in Turkiye over the past two decades. Hospitals, prisons, family guidance offices, eldercare facilities, disaster-response systems, and addiction recovery programs now host spiritual counselors as part of routine care. The methodological foundation of these services, however, remains underdeveloped. Using a conceptual review and theoretical integration approach, this article proposes—but does not empirically test—a framework that links spiritual counseling practice in Turkiye to the Intention Code Model (NIKOM), a recently formulated cognitive model that conceptualizes mental life through if–then schemas (codes), their activation, and their alignment with bodily systems. The article reviews the institutional landscape of spiritual counseling in Turkiye, situates NIKOM among adjacent cognitive models, and shows how core Islamic concepts—tawakkul, ṣabr, shukr, tawba, and dhikr—can be interpreted as functions relevant to counseling practice. A standardized five-stage intervention template is proposed and applied to six service domains. The article closes by offering five testable propositions, considering ethical limits, and articulating concrete referral criteria. The proposed framework is theoretically grounded and empirically testable; clinical efficacy is not claimed.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3Spiritual Monachopsis: Conceptualization, Scale Development, and Psychometric Analysis
Okur, Süheyb
In the modern era, individuals have increasingly experienced alienation from their religious environments and have been marked by a profound sense of “homelessness” within their worlds of faith. Based on the concept of “Monachopsis” —the subtle but persistent feeling of being out of place— this study was designed to develop the “Spiritual Monachopsis Scale” (SMS) to measure the spiritual manifestation of this phenomenon and to examine its psychometric properties in a sample of theology students. The scale development study was conducted with a total of 453 undergraduate theology students studying at Bayburt University in the 2025-2026 academic year, including 163 participants in the exploratory validation phase and 290 participants in the confirmatory validation phase. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. The EFA indicated that the scale had a three-factor structure —Disconnection from the Divine, Alienation from the Belief System, Religious Social Alienation— which explained 57.66% of the total variance. The CFA results confirmed that the 18-item structure demonstrated a good fit to the data. The internal consistency of the scale was found to be high. In terms of criterion-related validity, a positive and significant correlation was found between the SMS and the Negative Religious Coping scale. The findings indicate that the Spiritual Monachopsis Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing levels of spiritual homelessness and alienation, particularly among theology students. It is recommended that the SMS be used in future studies within higher religious education settings and campus-based spiritual counseling contexts to identify patterns of alienation in this population and to inform supportive psychoeducational programs.
