Development of Alkali-Activated Binders from Recycling Regional Tuff and Marble Wastes

The sustainability goals of the developing world have led many industries to recycle their wastes and reduce emitting greenhouse gases. To contribute to these environmental responsibilities, this study has focused on the development of eco-friendly binder materials from regional ground tuff and marble wastes by the activation of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or slaked lime (Ca(OH)2). The results of this study show that alkali-activated composites experienced expansion, drying shrinkage cracking, leaching, and efflorescence. The compressive strength values of the NaOH and Ca(OH)2-activated pastes reached up to 15 MPa and 9 MPa, respectively. A reduction in NaOH molarity improved the compressive strength, dimensional stability, and durability of tuff-based alkali-activated pastes.