Characterization of liquefaction susceptibility of sands by means of extreme void ratios and/or void ratio range

The liquefaction susceptibility of various graded fine to medium saturated sands are evaluated by stress controlled cyclic triaxial laboratory tests. Cyclic triaxial tests are performed on reconstituted specimens having global relative density of 60%. In all cyclic triaxial tests, loading pattern is selected as a sinusoidal wave form with 1.0 Hz frequency and effective consolidation pressure is chosen as 100 kPa. Liquefaction resistance is defined as the required cyclic stress ratio causing initial liquefaction in 10 cycles during the cyclic triaxial test. The results are used to draw conclusions on the effect of the extreme void ratios and void ratio range on the liquefaction resistance of various graded sands.