Custom TTA Operations for Accelerating Kyber Algorithm

In recent years, quantum computer development projects have progressed considerably in terms of quality and quantity. These studies also pose a serious risk for widely used security systems based on classical public-key cryptography algorithms. Therefore, development of hardware and software applications that use post-quantum methods are considered a necessity both for today and for the future. Kyber is one of the most promising key encapsulation mechanism in the final round of NIST post-quantum cryptography standardization process. In this study, we present a 64-bit application specific transport triggered architecture processor which has custom operations for accelerating the Kyber algorithm. Moreover, we compare the processor and its various versions with a 64-bit RISC-V core in terms of performance, total energy consumption and resource utilization. According to the test results, our custom processor provides at least 2x better performance and 1.5x lower energy consumption while increasing the required chip area approximately 1.4x.