An examination of the sun cult and sun disc symbols in the hittite civilization from a formal perspective

The Hittite civilization existed in Central Anatolia between 1650 and 1200 BCE, with its capital in Hattusa. This polytheistic society attributed symbolic meanings to unexplained natural phenomena. They showed reverence to sacred beings through worship. The symbols created in Hittite art were not only aesthetically crafted but also believed to be iconic and venerated. Archaeological excavations have uncovered sun discs from the Hittite period, which are key to understanding their religious beliefs and cultural practices. These discs highlight the significance of the sun cult and the historical legacy of the Hittites. Each disc features unique designs, with distinct formal and symbolic traits. This study examines their meanings and formal features, shedding light on their cultural and religious importance.